Health literacy in Germany

Schaeffer, Doris; Berens, Eva-Maria; Vogt, Dominique; Gille, Svea; Griese, Lennert; Klinger, Judith; Hurrelmann, Klaus

doi:10.3238/arztebl.m2021.0310

Cited by 46 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…Solche wiederholten Befragungen existieren bislang unseres Wissens nach nicht. Aktuell ist mit dem Health Literacy Survey 19 (HLS 19 ) des WHO Action Network on Measuring Population and Organizational Health Literacy (M-POHL/WHO Europa) intendiert, ein solches regelmäßiges Monitoring zu beginnen [12]. An ihm sind insgesamt 17 Länder beteiligt, darunter auch Deutschland mit dem HLS-GER 2 [13].…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Gesundheitskompetenz der Bevölkerung in Deutschland im Zeitvergleich der Jahre 2014 und 2020

2022

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Zusammenfassung Ziel In dem Artikel werden die Ergebnisse von zwei Erhebungen der Gesundheitskompetenz (GK) der Bevölkerung in Deutschland im Zeitvergleich analysiert. Die erste Erhebung erfolgte 2014, die zweite 2020. Untersucht werden die Veränderungen der GK, gemessen über den Grad der subjektiv eingeschätzten Schwierigkeiten bei einzelnen Informationsaufgaben in den drei Bereichen Krankheitsbewältigung/Versorgung, Prävention, Gesundheitsförderung, in der Gesamtbevölkerung und in einzelnen Teilgruppen. Methodik Die Analysen basieren auf bevölkerungsrepräsentativen Querschnittsdaten, die 2014 im HLS-GER 1 und 2020 im HLS-GER 1‘ erhoben wurden. Dabei kam das international abgestimmte Instrument HLS-EU-Q47 zur Messung der GK zum Einsatz. Veränderungen in den Bevölkerungsgruppen wurden in einer Trendanalyse sowohl uni- und bivariat als auch multivariat analysiert. Ergebnisse Die GK der Bevölkerung in Deutschland hat sich im Zeitvergleich innerhalb von sechs Jahren statistisch signifikant verschlechtert. Dies lässt sich in allen drei untersuchten Handlungsbereichen beobachten. Der Effekt zeigt sich besonders bei Menschen mit niedrigem Sozialstatus und finanzieller Deprivation. Schlussfolgerung Im Zeitverlauf ist der Umgang mit gesundheits- und krankheitsbezogenen Informationen schwieriger geworden. Diese Entwicklung ist besonders stark bei sozioökonomisch benachteiligten Bevölkerungsgruppen zu beobachten, was die soziale Ungleichheit im Gesundheitsbereich verstärkt. Die Förderung der GK ist – wie diese und andere Studien zeigen – gesellschaftlich wichtiger denn je und sollte den genannten Bevölkerungsgruppen besondere Beachtung schenken.

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Section: Introductionunclassified

Gesundheitskompetenz der Bevölkerung in Deutschland im Zeitvergleich der Jahre 2014 und 2020

2022

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“…Further categories were derived from the literature reviewed such as (18) asthma-related health outcomes, (19) health status, and (20) health care utilisation considering the underlying theoretical framework ( Table 1 ). The item selection for the categories’ subjective and objective HL was informed by the systematic review on HL by Sørensen et al [ 3 ], international and national population-based surveys [ 2 , 6 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 41 , 53 ] and research on HL-specific questionnaire development [ 42 , 54 ]. For COVID-19-related HL, the Health Literacy Survey COVID Questionnaire (HLS-COVID-Q22) [ 2 , 6 ], comprising 22 items from four subscales was included.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We used a theoretical HL framework as a heuristic guide for the development of the survey. This framework was derived from work by Sørensen et al [ 3 ], Schaeffer et al [ 41 ], and Messer et al [ 42 ]. It distinguishes between determinants of HL (e.g., sociodemographic information), HL, mediators (e.g., self-efficacy, coping) between HL and health outcomes (e.g., health behaviour, health status) and other control variables (e.g., risk perceptions), and environmental and life determinants (e.g., family or social contacts) ( Figure 2 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Development and Content Validation of a Comprehensive Health Literacy Survey Instrument for Use in Individuals with Asthma during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Hasenpusch

Matterne

Tischer

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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Individuals with chronic conditions have been faced with many additional challenges during the COVID-19 pandemic. Individual health literacy (HL) as the ability to access, understand, evaluate, and apply pandemic-related information has thus become ever more important in these populations. The purpose of this study was to develop and content-validate a comprehensive HL survey instrument for people with asthma based on an integrated framework, and on previous surveys and other instruments for use in the general population and vulnerable groups. Beside HL, assumed determinants, mediators, and health outcomes were embraced in the framework. A mixed-method design was used. A comprehensive examination of the available literature yielded an initial pool of 398 single items within 20 categories. Based on content validity indices (CVI) of expert ratings (n = 11) and the content analysis of cognitive interviews with participants (n = 9), the item pool was reduced, and individual items/scales refined or modified. The instrument showed appropriate comprehensibility (98.0%), was judged relevant, and had an acceptable CVI at scale level (S-CVI/Ave = 0.91). The final version comprises 14 categories measured by 38 questions consisting of 116 single items. In terms of content, the instrument appears a valid representation of behavioural and psychosocial constructs pertaining to a broad HL understanding and relevant to individuals with asthma during the COVID-19 pandemic. Regular monitoring of these behavioural and psychosocial constructs during the course of the pandemic can help identify needs as well as changes during the course of the pandemic, which is particularly important in chronic disease populations.

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“… 7 Though the number of parents searching the web for child health‐related information is high and rising, 8 , 9 the ability to handle (digital) HI depends, on the one hand, on individual health literacy (HL)—which has further worsened according to recent representative statistics for Germany, showing a particular deficit for digital HL, and variations among population groups. 10 On the other hand, healthcare organizations have a key role in actively supporting individuals' information and decision processes, 11 particularly amid the torrent of information including inaccurate and false ones. 12 Further, (digital) HI often disregards its target populations' specific needs 13 and instead, parents may draw their information from various sources, 14 such as health professionals (HPs) and peers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parental COVID‐19–related health information practises, sources, evaluations and needs: A qualitative interview study

Altawil

Klawunn

Dierks

et al. 2022

Health Expectations

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Background Parents of infants and young children may have specific health information needs and preferences, as they are responsible for their children's health. COVID‐19 posed many challenges for families, not least in terms of the constantly updated disease‐prevention guidelines. However, little is known about parents' experiences with this unprecedented situation, that is, how and where they seek, use and evaluate COVID‐19 (child)‐specific health information. We aimed to find out more about this to provide insights to health (information) providers when communicating pandemic information to parents. Methods We conducted semistructured telephone interviews (August to October 2020) with a purposively selected sample of 20 German‐speaking and 10 Arabic‐speaking parents of children up to 4 years old. Recruitment occurred through multiple channels, including childcare institutions and social media. Qualitative content analysis of the interview transcripts illustrates the main differences between the two groups. Results By the time the interviews were conducted (mid‐2020), some parents reported to seek information less actively or not at all, compared to the beginning of COVID‐19. German speakers frequently used Google to obtain information, whereas Arabic speakers mentioned social media (particularly Facebook) as a central source. However, medical providers were the most trusted source for child health. Though determining the credibility of online information was difficult for some parents, others, mostly German speakers (middle–high education), were aware of some author‐related criteria. When deciding on information use, parents often rely on their own judgement and gut instinct. Besides the necessity to disseminate information via multiple outlets to reach all parents, Arabic speakers desired audio‐visual and translation tools to facilitate understanding. Discussion and Public Conclusion Apart from education, language and knowledge of the health system and of the attributes of credible information may determine its quality and consequent decisions. There seems to be a considerable need to foster knowledge about reliable information sources, a greater understanding of the range of quality criteria and specific support for nonnative speakers, not least to better inform parents' decision‐making. Patient and Public Contribution A parent panel ( n = 7) contributed to gathering ideas regarding recruitment, discussing initial results and the choice of topics and questions for a second interview phase.

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Health literacy in Germany

Cited by 46 publications

References 64 publications

Gesundheitskompetenz der Bevölkerung in Deutschland im Zeitvergleich der Jahre 2014 und 2020

Gesundheitskompetenz der Bevölkerung in Deutschland im Zeitvergleich der Jahre 2014 und 2020

Development and Content Validation of a Comprehensive Health Literacy Survey Instrument for Use in Individuals with Asthma during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Parental COVID‐19–related health information practises, sources, evaluations and needs: A qualitative interview study

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