Health, Nutrition, and Population in Madagascar, 2000-09

Abstract

World Bank Working Papers are published to communicate the results of the Bank's work to the development community with the least possible delay. The manuscript of this paper therefore has not been prepared in accordance with the procedures appropriate to formally-edited texts. Some sources cited in this paper may be informal documents that are not readily available. This volume is a product of the staff of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/The World Bank. The fi ndings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this volume do not necessarily refl ect the views of the Executive ix Acknowledgments T he full report was prepared and edited by Maryanne Sharp, Sr. Operations Offi cer and Team Leader and Ioana Kruse, Public Health Specialist. Chapter 4 (Financing) was drafted by Sylke von Thadden, Public Finance Specialist and Chapter 5 (Governance and Accountability) was drafted by Elif Yavuz, Health Economist. Background papers on Nutrition and Early Childhood Development were contributed by Emanuela Galasso, Senior Economist, DECRG in collaboration with Ann Weber and Michael Amior. Lubna Bhayani, Health Economist contributed to health sector fi nancing, the private sector, results-based fi nancing, and nutrition. Yuko Okamura, Junior Professional Offi cer, contributed the analysis of determinants of child health outcomes to Chapter 2 (Sector Outcomes and Demographic Trends). The peer reviewers were Mukesh Chawla, Sector Manager, HDNHE; Jesko Hentschel, Sector Manager, ECSHD; and Mead Over, Senior Fellow, Center for Global Development. The team is grateful to the Health Systems for Outcomes team, who fully fi nanced the report (www.worldbank.org/hso). The sector manager is Eva Jarawan, AFTHE. The team would especially like to thank Bruno Maes, Resident Representative, UNI-CEF and his team, including Valerie Taton, Nathalie Peters, and Paola Valenti, for their useful comments. The team also greatly appreciates the contributions and comments

<p>Description of Maternal Morbidities Amongst 1000 Women During Pregnancy in Ambanja, Madagascar – Opportunities and Challenges of Using an mHealth System</p>

“…2 This condition has been attributed in part to the inadequate access to assisted deliveries but also to the insufficient quality of antenatal care (ANC). 3 In 2018, the latest Demographic and Health Surveys for Madagascar reported that only 51% of women attended four or more ANC consultations. 4 This is especially important as WHO recommended in 2016 a minimum of eight antenatal care contacts to reduce perinatal mortality and improve women's experience of care.…”

Performance of a Receptive Language Test among Young Children in Madagascar

“…We analyzed data from a study cohort established in 2004 when children were 0 to 3 years old, during an evaluation of a national nutrition program in Madagascar aimed at reducing the high prevalence of malnutrition in the country. First implemented in 1999 by the National Office of Nutrition (ONN), the ongoing program included over 5,550 sites with coverage of approximately 1.1 million children [ 30 ]. For the study, children living in 150 low-income communities from all six provinces in Madagascar were administered a battery of tests in 2007 (when children were 3 to 6 years) and again in 2011 (when they were 7 to 10 years).…”

The Impact of Early Childbearing on Schooling and Cognitive Skills Among Young Women in Madagascar

“…However, some estimates put abortion rates at 1 per 10 live births. Abortion complications are one of the major contributors to maternal death in the country (Sharp et al, 2011). 2 In developing countries, empirical evidence has shown a positive association between maternal education and children's health (Strauss and Thomas, 1995); however, causality has been less empirically tested with the exception of few studies (Güneş, 2015;Behrman et.…”

“…There is no sexual curriculum in the education system. 6 The low HIV/AIDS prevalence in Madagascar despite a high prevalence of STIs (one of the highest in SubSaharan Africa), relatively high rate of sexual partner change, and early sexual initiation is considered an anomaly, but still a threat for public health (Sharp and Kruse, 2011). 6 and preferences over family planning. We do not find any evidence of non-random program placement in any of these exercises.…”

“…(See Table 5 in the appendix). 43 << Insert Table 7 here>> Table 8 reports the OLS and IV estimates of the early childbearing effect on young women's: i) current enrolment, ii) years of education, and iii) completion of lower secondary school, using a dummy variable for whether a young girl has completed 9 or more years of education. These outcomes are measured in the last wave of the survey (2012) and among the girls who drop out from school at an age greater than 13.…”