Health Physics Aspects of LRL Tritium Release.

Abstract

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Historical Doses from Tritiated Water and Tritiated Hydrogen Gas Released to the Atmosphere from Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL). Part 5. Accidental Releases

“…4 At SNL/CA, the two accidental releases contributed about 21% of the tritium released to the atmosphere. 5 This value lies within a 95% confidence interval of 490,000 Ci (18,100 TBq) and 730,000 Ci (27,000 TBq). 6 Throughout the report, gaseous tritium in any form (e.g., T 2 , DT, and HT) will be referred to as HT.…”

“…Prior to the dose analysis of past accidents presented in this TDR, only inhalation and ingestion doses to the public after the release of 1970 were explicitly calculated (Myers et al 1973;ATSDR 2003 8 ). Inhalation dose alone was calculated after the 1985 (Howe 1 TDR Part 1.…”

“…Because the direction towards which the wind was blowing is unknown, a conservative assumption 18 was made for these releases that the MEI lived at the closest building open to the public that existed at the time of the accidental releases.…”

Historical Doses from Tritiated Water and Tritiated Hydrogen Gas Released to the Atmosphere from Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL). Part 2. LLNL Annual Site-specific Data, 1953 - 2003

“…It is possible that the 24,000 Ci accidental release and the 10,000 Ci routine quarterly release are the same. Doses from the large releases of 1965 and 1970 have been estimated at the time from measurements (Myers et al 1973) and calculated (ATSDR 2003). These accidental releases are actually easier to model than some of the smaller ones because wind speed and wind direction were recorded at the time of the accidental release, which tremendously reduces the uncertainty on predicted air concentrations.…”

“…Although dose consequences from the two major accidental releases have been assessed and shown to have no impact on public health (Myers et al 1973;ATSDR 2003), additional analyses would be valuable nonetheless, because all important dose assessments should be made using more than one model and by more than one modeler (Peterson et al 1996;Thiessen et al 1997). …”