Health-promoting behaviors among hypertensive adult patients with and without comorbidities in Indonesia: a cross-sectional study^†

Abstract

Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate health-promoting behaviors among hypertensive patients with and without comorbidities. Methods A cross-sectional study using multistage cluster sampling in Indonesia was applied. The health-promoting behaviors were assessed using Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile 2 and analyzed using independent t-test, point-biserial correlation, and logistic regression. Results A total of 116 participants joined this study. The score of health-promoting behaviors in adults with and without hypertension was 2.90 and 2.79, respectively. Hypertensive patients with comorbidities had significantly higher results than those without comorbidities, with the following results for the considered subscales: total score (t = −2.00, P = 0.047); health responsibility (t = −3.46, P = 0.001); and nutrition (t = −2.82, P = 0.006). Positive correlations were found between health responsibility (r pb = 0.260, P < 0.01), nutrition (r pb = 0.255, P < 0.01), and health-promoting behaviors (r pb = 0.185, P < 0.05) and the existing comorbidity. Only gender indicated a significant outcome for the existing comorbidity in hypertensive patients (odds ratio = 4.314, P = 0.027, 95% confidence interval = 1.185–15.706). Conclusions Hypertensive patients with comorbidities showed higher engagement in health-promoting behaviors and the male gender was a significant predictor for existing comorbidity among patients with hypertension.

A scoping review of Islamic pilgrimage to Mecca: Mapping the health concerns and proposed solutions

“…Serafi and Alqasim (2012) and Ibrahim et al (2018) recommended the pilgrims with non-communicable diseases to perform risk stratification prior to departure and have a current health card with them. They should maintain healthy behavior and manage their diseases on a daily basis to prevent the progressing of any complications (Wicaksana et al, 2021(Wicaksana et al, , 2022. Adequate hydration was also suggested as the temperature in the KSA can be extreme and it could lead to both physical and emotional distress (Ibrahim et al, 2018).…”