Health-Related Quality of Life Differs Between Adolescent Athletes and Adolescent Nonathletes

Snyder, Alison; Martinez, Jessica C.; Bay, R. Curtis; Parsons, John T.; Sauers, Eric L.; McLeod, Tamara C. Valovich

doi:10.1123/jsr.19.3.237

Cited by 166 publications

(160 citation statements)

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“…Two additional studies 10,28 were identified through the hand search, resulting in a total of 8 eligible studies, which were classified into athletes and nonathletes (Table 2) and uninjured and injured athletes (Table 3). Five articles 10,28,30,33,34 met the inclusion criteria for this question. Quality scores ranged from 70.6% to 82.4% with 3 high-quality 10,33,34 (!75%) and 2 moderate-quality 28,30 studies (60%, 74.9%).…”

Section: Literature Searchmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Five articles 10,28,30,33,34 met the inclusion criteria for this question. Quality scores ranged from 70.6% to 82.4% with 3 high-quality 10,33,34 (!75%) and 2 moderate-quality 28,30 studies (60%, 74.9%). The mean mDB score was 76.5% 6 5.9%.…”

Section: Literature Searchmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[25][26][27] Health-related quality of life has become an important component of health surveillance, and the use of PRO instruments enables clinicians to track HRQOL deficits postinjury. 27 Several groups 10,[28][29][30][31][32][33][34] have used generic outcomes such as the Short Form-36 (SF-36), Pediatric Outcomes Data Collection Instrument (PODCI), and Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL) to measure HRQOL in athletes and nonathletes and the effect of sport-related injury on HRQOL. Although the evidence suggests that normative values for athletes differ from the general population 28,30,33,34 and between injured and uninjured athletes, 10,29,31,32 this evidence has not been synthesized.…”

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Health-Related Quality of Life in Athletes: A Systematic Review With Meta-Analysis

Houston

Hoch

2016

Journal of Athletic Training

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Context: Assessment of health-related quality of life (HRQOL) after injury is important. Differences in HRQOL between nonathletes and athletes and between injured and uninjured athletes have been demonstrated; however, the evidence has not been synthesized.Objective: To answer the following questions: (1) Does HRQOL differ among adolescent and collegiate athletes and nonathletes? (2) Does HRQOL differ between injured adolescent and collegiate athletes or between athletes with a history of injury and uninjured athletes or those without a history of injury?Data Sources: We systematically searched CINAHL, MED-LINE, SPORTDiscus, and PubMed. A hand search of references was also conducted.Study Selection: Studies were included if they used generic instruments to compare HRQOL outcomes between athletes and nonathletes and between uninjured and injured athletes. Studies were excluded if they did not use a generic instrument, pertained to instrument development, or included retired athletes or athletes with a chronic disease.Data Extraction:We assessed study quality using the modified Downs and Black Index Tool. Bias-corrected Hedges g effect sizes and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated.The Strength of Recommendation Taxonomy (SORT) was used to determine the overall strength of the recommendation. A random-effects meta-analysis was performed for all studies using the composite or total score.Data Synthesis: Eight studies with modified Downs and Black scores ranging from 70.6% to 88.4% were included. For question 1, the overall random-effects meta-analysis was weak (effect size ¼ 0.27, 95% confidence interval ¼ 0.14, 0.40; P , .001). For question 2, the overall random-effects meta-analysis was moderate (effect size ¼ 0.68, 95% confidence interval ¼ 0.42, 0.95; P , .001).Conclusions: Grade A evidence indicates that athletes reported better HRQOL than nonathletes and that uninjured athletes reported better HRQOL than injured athletes. However, the overall effect for question 1 was weak, suggesting that the differences between athletes and nonathletes may not be clinically meaningful. Clinicians should monitor HRQOL after injury to ensure that all dimensions of health are appropriately treated.Key Words: patient-centered care, patient outcomes, athletic injuries Key PointsHealth-related quality of life (HRQOL) assessed via generic instruments was better in athletes than in nonathletes, but the differences were small and may not be clinically meaningful. Athletes without a history of injury reported better HRQOL on generic instruments than did injured athletes. To ensure that all health dimensions are being properly assessed and treated, clinicians should monitor patients' HRQOL throughout treatment and perhaps after return to play. Given these differences on generic instruments, it will be prudent to investigate the use of region-specific and dimension-specific instruments in assessing HRQOL. P articipation in interscholastic and intercollegiate athletics has increased roughly 34% since 1980 and 15% over the past...

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Section: Literature Searchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Literature Searchmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Health-Related Quality of Life in Athletes: A Systematic Review With Meta-Analysis

Houston

Hoch

2016

Journal of Athletic Training

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“…Research showing a positive effect of physical activity on mental health among adolescents is well documented (4)(5)(6)(7)(8). A study conducted in Iceland revealed that adolescents who often practiced sports had a more positive body image and were more likely to report a healthy mental condition (9).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association Between Participating in Noncompetitive or Competitive Sports and Mental Health among Adolescents – a Norwegian Population-based Cross-sectional Study

Breistøl

Clench‐Aas

Roy

et al. 2017

Scandinavian Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology

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Background: Mental health problems in adolescents have become a major public health challenge in many western countries. Many adolescents participate in noncompetitive or competitive sports for leisure. The aim of this study was to examine the association between participation in noncompetitive or competitive sports and mental health problems among Norwegian adolescents. Method: Data from a cross-sectional survey conducted among Norwegian junior high (N=9414) and high school students (N=10,571) aged 13 to 22 years were examined. The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) was used for measuring mental health problems, in the form of total symptom scores and impact on daily life. Participation in sports was categorized as follows: 1) not participating; 2) participating in noncompetitive sports; and 3) participating in competitive sports. Sports were divided into individual and team sports. Weekly exercise, healthy diet, and number of friends were investigated as mediating factors, and age, gender, and perceived economic status were controlled for in the analysis. Results: Adolescents participating in either noncompetitive or competitive sports had fewer total symptoms and less impact of problems on their daily life compared with those not participating in sports. In particular, participation in team sports as opposed to participation in individual sports seemed to be associated with fewer mental health problems. Weekly exercise, healthy diet, and number of friends were found to be partially mediating factors, explaining some, but not all, of the association between participation in either sports group. Participation in competitive sports, especially, was associated with fewer mental health problems. Conclusions: Participation in sports, either noncompetitive or competitive, is associated with fewer mental health problems in adolescents. This negative association is strongest for those participating in competitive sports. Further research is needed to explore the mechanisms underlying this relationship.

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“…1,2 In addition, sport participation has been associated with improved parental relationships, academic performance, and self-esteem and decreased anxiety, depression, anger, and tobacco and marijuana use. 3 Although sport participation has many benefits, there are also risks, including concussions, knee injuries, and ankle sprains.…”

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Athletic Training Services During Daily Patient Encounters: A Report From the Athletic Training Practice-Based Research Network

Lam

Valier

Anderson

et al. 2016

Journal of Athletic Training

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Context: Athletic training services such as taping, wrapping, and stretching are common during routine care but rarely captured in traditional patient documentation. These clinical data are vital when determining appropriate medical coverage and demonstrating the value and worth of athletic trainers (ATs). Objective: To analyze clinical data from daily encounter forms within the Athletic Training Practice-Based Research Network (AT-PBRN). Design: Descriptive study. Setting: Secondary school athletic training clinics. Patients or Other Participants: Adolescent patients (n = 4888; age = 16.3 ± 1.4 years) seeking care from ATs. Main Outcome Measure(s): We used Web-based electronic medical records from December 1, 2009, to July 1, 2015, to obtain patient characteristics via deidentified data. Descriptive data regarding practice characteristics from patient encounter forms were analyzed and reported as percentages and frequencies. Results: A total of 36 245 patient encounters (mean = 7.5 ± 11.6 encounters per patient) were recorded. Football, basketball, soccer, track, and volleyball accounted for 85.1% of all encounters. Most encounters were for preventive services (48.8%, n = 22 329), followed by care for a current injury (37.2%, n = 17 027) and care for a new injury (13.9%, n = 6368). Of the preventive encounters, taping (52.7%) was the most common service provided, followed by ice- or hot-pack application (25.4%) and treatment (9.6%). Taping (28.7%) was also the most common service for current injuries, followed by treatment (26.7%) and ice- or hot-pack application (26.2%). Conclusions: Our findings highlight the unique role of ATs as health care providers who provide substantial preventive services to their patients. Further, these results represent one of the first attempts to describe athletic training services related to nontime-loss injuries, emphasizing the significant role that ATs play in the health care of secondary school athletes. These findings should help clinicians and administrators make more informed decisions regarding appropriate medical coverage.

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Health-Related Quality of Life Differs Between Adolescent Athletes and Adolescent Nonathletes

Cited by 166 publications

References 30 publications

Health-Related Quality of Life in Athletes: A Systematic Review With Meta-Analysis

Health-Related Quality of Life in Athletes: A Systematic Review With Meta-Analysis

Association Between Participating in Noncompetitive or Competitive Sports and Mental Health among Adolescents – a Norwegian Population-based Cross-sectional Study

Athletic Training Services During Daily Patient Encounters: A Report From the Athletic Training Practice-Based Research Network

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