Health Risk Assessment for Cyanobacterial Toxins in Seafood

Mulvenna, Vanora; Dale, Katie; Priestly, Brian G.; Mueller, Utz; Humpage, Andrew R.; Shaw, G. R.; Allinson, Graeme; Falconer, Ian R.

doi:10.3390/ijerph9030807

Cited by 63 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…To our knowledge, nodularin was documented for the first time in California during 2015 ([41], this study). Threats to seafood safety from cyanotoxins other than microcystins in brackish waters have also been reported in various parts of the world [42]. At present, marine environments and related consumables are rarely screened for these compounds unless they occur in an area that is known to be at risk.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple Stressors at the Land-Sea Interface: Cyanotoxins at the Land-Sea Interface in the Southern California Bight

Tatters

Howard

Nagoda

et al. 2017

Toxins

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Blooms of toxic cyanobacteria in freshwater ecosystems have received considerable attention in recent years, but their occurrence and potential importance at the land-sea interface has not been widely recognized. Here we present the results of a survey of discrete samples conducted in more than fifty brackish water sites along the coastline of southern California. Our objectives were to characterize cyanobacterial community composition and determine if specific groups of cyanotoxins (anatoxins, cylindrospermopsins, microcystins, nodularins, and saxitoxins) were present. We report the identification of numerous potentially harmful taxa and the co-occurrence of multiple toxins, previously undocumented, at several locations. Our findings reveal a potential health concern based on the range of organisms present and the widespread prevalence of recognized toxic compounds. Our results raise concerns for recreation, harvesting of finfish and shellfish, and wildlife and desalination operations, highlighting the need for assessments and implementation of monitoring programs. Such programs appear to be particularly necessary in regions susceptible to urban influence.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple Stressors at the Land-Sea Interface: Cyanotoxins at the Land-Sea Interface in the Southern California Bight

Tatters

Howard

Nagoda

et al. 2017

Toxins

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“…The seafoods of concern were fish, prawns and mussels harvested from the lakes. The identified toxins for the risk assessment were microcystins, nodularin, saxitoxins and cylindrospermopsin (Mulvenna et al, 2012). Saxitoxins 800 800 800 * The guideline value represents the sum of all mycrocystins variants and nodularin ones.…”

Section: 13mentioning

confidence: 99%

Review and analysis of occurrence, exposure and toxicity of cyanobacteria toxins in food

Testai

Buratti

Funari

et al. 2016

EFS3

104

125

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This report presents the extensive literature search conducted on 1) the occurrence of different cyanotoxins in food matrices; 2) the analytical methods for their detection; 3) their toxicological profile; 3) the environmental factors affecting toxicity of cyanobacterial population and 4) the combined effects of mixtures of cyanotoxins and other chemicals. It also includes a review of guidelines values or health-alert levels for cyanotoxins in food (or drinking water) adopted world-wide. The methodological aspects and the queries used in the extensive literature search, the collection and screening of retrieved papers and the inventory are briefly described in the report; all details are available in 3 supplementary appendices to this report. The analysis of collected papers indicated that most of them are focused on a single microcystin (MC) variant (MC-LR) out of the almost 100 MC known. Many studies on occurrence are affected by limited quality, due to analytical drawbacks in the detection methods and were not considered in the exposure assessment. Toxicity studies useful for the derivation of health based reference values are few, being many of them carried out using i.p. injection, which is poorly representative of actual human exposure. In addition, those toxicological studies carried out with poorly characterised cyanobacterial extracts or focused on single parameters, using a single dose, devoted to elucidation of mechanism of action, reporting qualitative description of effects were not used for data extraction. The relevant exposure scenarios are also described, although being the available data on exposure very limited, no definite conclusion on the health risks for the exposed population could be drawn. However, the possibility of risky exposure is evidenced for fish and shell-fish consumers and for blue-green algae supplements (BGAS) as well in relation to MC contamination. Finally, many data gaps were identified. © European Food Safety Authority, 2016Key words: Cyanobacteria, cyanotoxins, occurrence, toxicity, exposure, risk assessment, data gaps. Question number: EFSA-Q-2015-00141Correspondence:sc.secretariat@efsa.europa.eu Cyanotoxins in foodThe present document has been produced and adopted by the bodies identified above as author(s). This task has been carried out exclusively by the author(s) in the context of a contract between the European Food Safety Authority and the author(s), awarded following a tender procedure. The present document is published complying with the transparency principle to which the Authority is subject. It may not be considered as an output adopted by the Authority. The European Food Safety Authority reserves its rights, view and position as regards the issues addressed and the conclusions reached in the present document, without prejudice to the rights of the authors.www.efsa.europa.eu/publications 2 EFSA Supporting publication 2016:EN-998NDisclaimer: The present document has been produced and adopted by the bodies identified above as author(s). This task has b...

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“…Symptoms can increase with duration of water contact and cell density of cyanobacteria. The possibility of carcinogenesis and tumor growth promotion has been shown in animal experimentation and needs further evaluation [14].…”

Section: Environmental Problemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monitoring Cyanobacteria Blooms in Freshwater Lakes using Remote Sensing Methods

Kubiak¹,

Kotlarz²,

Czapski³

et al. 2016

Pol. J. Environ. Stud.

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Health Risk Assessment for Cyanobacterial Toxins in Seafood

Cited by 63 publications

References 36 publications

Multiple Stressors at the Land-Sea Interface: Cyanotoxins at the Land-Sea Interface in the Southern California Bight

Multiple Stressors at the Land-Sea Interface: Cyanotoxins at the Land-Sea Interface in the Southern California Bight

Review and analysis of occurrence, exposure and toxicity of cyanobacteria toxins in food

Monitoring Cyanobacteria Blooms in Freshwater Lakes using Remote Sensing Methods

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