Health risk assessment of radioactive footprints of the urban soils in the residents of Dera Ghazi Khan, Pakistan

Ghias, Sidra; Satti, Khizer Hayat; Khan, Mumtaz; Dilband, Muhammad; Naseem, Amara; Jabbar, Abdul; Kali, Sundas; Ur-Rehman, Tofeeq; Nawab, Javed; Aqeel, Muhammad; Khan, Muhammad Abdullah; Zafar, Mazhar Iqbal

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.129171

Cited by 33 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…If the maximum concentration of uranium is half that of the normal acceptable limit, then Hex and Hin are less than 1. For a safe utilization of the sands as construction materials, Hex and Hin should be less than the unity to reduce the external dose rate to 1.5 mGy y -1 (Ghias et al, 2021). The mean Hex and Hin of the study area are 0.58 and 0.67, respectively.…”

Section: External and Internal Hazard Indicesmentioning

confidence: 97%

<em>In situ</em> Ground Radiometric Survey and Risk Assessments of Allanite-Bearing Beach Sands in Erawan, Palawan

Diwa¹,

Vargas²,

Tabora³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Past exploration for U deposit in the Philippines discovered the mineralization of radioactive allanite in Palawan. The allanite occurs as sand component in the heavily populated beach of Erawan, San Vicente, Palawan. This work assessed the risks associated with the radionuclides in Erawan beach by in situ ground radiometric survey of K, U, and Th in 694 sampling points. Principal component analysis (PCA) and Pearson correlation coefficient were used to determine the similarity between the radionuclides and to identify other probable anthropogenic sources of radionuclides. Our results show that the mean activity concentrations of K (597.8 Bq kg-1) and Th (93.15 Bq kg-1) are equivalent to 1.5 and 3.1 times of the world average natural radioactivity levels in soil, respectively, while the mean U (34.7 Bq kg-1) is similar to the world average. The mean radiological risk assessments like radium equivalent, gamma specific activity index, external hazard index, internal hazard index, absorbed gamma dose rate, annual effective dose equivalent, annual gonadal equivalent dose, and excess lifetime cancer risk are 213.96 Bq kg-1, 0.78, 0.58, 0.67, 97.24 nGy h-1, 119.25 µSv y-1, 684.39 µSv y-1, and 0.42 (10-3), respectively. Th consistently correlated most to the risks. We attribute the occurrence of Th to the presence of allanite, K to fertilizer use for farming, and U to both the allanite and farming. The results of our study can provide important baseline data for future detailed studies or monitoring of the long-term effects of elevated radiation levels to the local population of Erawan.

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Section: External and Internal Hazard Indicesmentioning

confidence: 97%

<em>In situ</em> Ground Radiometric Survey and Risk Assessments of Allanite-Bearing Beach Sands in Erawan, Palawan

Diwa¹,

Vargas²,

Tabora³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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“…which were abandoned after the mining boom of the 1960s, these mines now pose serious health hazards to almost 2 million residents in Jos [10] [11]. The residents of these communities are exposed to a whopping 325 km 2 of contaminated lands by carcinogenic radioactive materials through indiscriminate disposal of mining wastes with brain-damaging potentials in the Jos plateau [11] and [12]. In the year 2015, there were death occurrences caused by mining in the Madaka Rafi Local government of Niger State, and also along with the Kawo village near the lower stream of the River Kaduna known for the mining of gems and gold with more devastating effects [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Food Crops at Abandoned Lead-Zinc Mining Site at Tse-Faga, Logo, Lga, Benue State, Nigeria

Paul¹,

Babatunde²

2021

JEP

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Hundreds of children died in 2010 due to suspected lead poisoning from mining sources in Zamfara State among epidemiological concerns. Evaluating ecological and human health risks of heavy metals levels in sampled food crops harvested near two abandoned Lead-Zinc mining sites at Logo Benue State is crucial. Abelmoschus esculentus, Carica papaya, Manihot esculenta, and Zea mays were sampled, prepared, and analyzed for four heavy metals using the Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometric method. The mean data from the analysis of variance was subjected to ecological and health risk models. Pb means value ranged from Carica papaya Peel 0.46 ± 0.011 mg/kg to 1.30 ± 0.01 mg/kg in Zea mays seed. Zn was highest in Carica papaya flesh 0.50 ± 0.01 mg/kg, and lowest in Manihot esculenta peels and its flesh 0.12 ± 0.000 mg/kg. Hg and Cd were below detectable levels. Zea mays seeds (1.001) had the highest Pd bioaccumulation factor. BAF of zinc and ecological indices were <1. Daily Intake of Metals were all <1, however, Hazard Quotient (HQ) of Pb was ≥1 in Manihot esculenta flesh 1.143 and Zea mays at 1714. Cancer Risks were within permissible range (10 −4 -10 −6 ). Health Risk result indicates communities around the mining area may be at risk of lead poisoning therefore due to high contamination of samples, routine checks on heavy metals especially lead is recommended to prevent excessive bioaccumulation in the body.

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“…Many studies suggested that beach sand consists of various radionuclides elements such as 226 Ra (Radium), which is a decay of 238 U, 232 Th (Thorium), and 40 K (Potassium). These three radionuclides are the most abundant and have long half-lives in the sand (8).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A similar risk also is posed by thorium which entered the lungs and bones as dust or other materials of the building occupants (19)(20). The potential hazards of external radiation such as gamma rays likely depend on the amount of time the building occupants spend in the room (8).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Natural Radionuclide Activity and the Risk of Potential Radiation in Health Effect: A Study on Beach Sand in Madura, Bali, and Lombok

Priasetyono

Makmur

Prihatiningsih

et al. 2021

JKL

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Introduction: Beach sand is one of the widely used aggregates in construction, especially in coastal areas. However, beach sand contains a hidden risk, namely radioactive hazards. This research will analyze the radioactive activity of nuclides 226Ra, 232Th, and 40K on beach sand and calculate the health risk potential in radiation exposure to the household. Methods: Beach sands sampling was carried out on Madura Island, Bali, and Lombok in 2016. All samples were ovensifted and then put into Marinelli to be chopped using high-purity germanium (HPGe) gamma-ray detectors for three days. Results and Discussion: The average of 226Ra, 232Th, and 40K radionuclide activity on the beach sand in Madura were respectively 31.46 Bq/kg, 40.12 Bq/kg, and 334.04 Bq/ kg; in Bali were 25.10 Bq/kg, 7.71 Bq/kg, and 165.15. Bq/kg; and in Lombok the amount is 25.88 Bq/kg, 8.25 Bq/kg and 171.99 Bq/kg. The calculation of the radium equivalent (Raeq) value on beach sand in Madura, Bali, and Lombok has the highest value of 132.72 Bq/kg, 54.06 Bq/kg, and 55.92 Bq/kg. The gamma index (I) in Madura, Bali, and Lombok was 1.02; 0.39; and 0.40. For the calculation of Hex and Hin in Madura, Bali, and Lombok, the highest were 0.38; 0.15; 0.15; and 0.48; 0.23; 0.24. Conclusion: The activity of the three types of natural radionuclides from the three regions is still below the threshold value. Analysis of potential health risks showed in the gamma index value (I) indicator, which exceeds the safe threshold in the Madura beach sand sample.

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Health risk assessment of radioactive footprints of the urban soils in the residents of Dera Ghazi Khan, Pakistan

Cited by 33 publications

References 28 publications

<em>In situ</em> Ground Radiometric Survey and Risk Assessments of Allanite-Bearing Beach Sands in Erawan, Palawan

<em>In situ</em> Ground Radiometric Survey and Risk Assessments of Allanite-Bearing Beach Sands in Erawan, Palawan

Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Food Crops at Abandoned Lead-Zinc Mining Site at Tse-Faga, Logo, Lga, Benue State, Nigeria

The Natural Radionuclide Activity and the Risk of Potential Radiation in Health Effect: A Study on Beach Sand in Madura, Bali, and Lombok

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