Health risks among Japanese men with moderate body mass index

Sd, Hsieh; Yoshinaga, H; Muto, Takashi; Sakurai, Yoshinori; Kosaka, Kitaro

doi:10.1038/sj.ijo.0801157

Cited by 90 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…In addition, the optimal cut-off values of BMIs for overweight or obesity from our study were found to be 23.6 kg=m 2 in men and 22.1 kg=m 2 in women, values which were similar in men but different in women to those of Ko et al 36 As mentioned previously, Asians with lower BMIs have been found to be at increased risk for obesity. 24,25 Taken together, our study supported the conclusion that cut-off values using BMI to define obesity should be much lower in Taiwan than in Western countries. The increasing risk of having at one CVD risk factor was also found to be associated with increasing WC in both sexes (Figure 2).…”

Section: Anthropometric Indices and Cvd Risk Factors W-y Lin Et Alsupporting

confidence: 75%

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Optimal cut-off values for obesity: using simple anthropometric indices to predict cardiovascular risk factors in Taiwan

et al. 2002

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BACKGROUND:The increased health risks associated with obesity have been found to occur in Asians at lower body mass indices (BMIs). To determine the optimal cut-off values for overweight or obesity in Taiwan, we examined the relationships between four anthropometric indices and cardiovascular risk factors. METHODS: The data were collected from four health-screening centers from 1998 to 2000 in Taiwan. Included were 55 563 subjects (26 359 men and 29 204 women, mean age ¼ 37.3 AE 10.9 and 37.0 AE 11.1 y, respectively). None had known major systemic diseases or were taking medication. Individual body weight, height, waist circumference (WC), and a series of tests related to cardiovascular risk (blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose, triglycerides, total cholesterol, low-and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol) were assessed and their relationships were examined. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was used to find out the optimal cut-off values of various anthropometric indices to predict hypertension, diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia. RESULTS: Of the four anthropometric indices we studied, waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) in women was found to have the largest areas under the ROC curve (women ¼ 0.755, 95% CI 0.748 -0.763) relative to at least one risk factor (ie hypertension or diabetes or dyslipidemia). The optimal cut-off values for overweight or obesity from our study in men and women showed that BMIs of 23.6 and 22.1 kg=m 2 , WCs of 80.5 and 71.5 cm, waist-to-hip ratios (WHpR) of 0.85 and 0.76, and WHtR of 0.48 and 0.45, respectively, may be more appropriate in Taiwan. CONCLUSIONS: WHtR may be a better indicator for screening overweight-or obesity-related CVD risk factors than the other three indexes (BMI, WC and WHpR) in Taiwan. Our study also supported the hypothesis that the cut-off values using BMI and WC to define obesity should be much lower in Taiwan than in Western countries.

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Section: Anthropometric Indices and Cvd Risk Factors W-y Lin Et Alsupporting

confidence: 75%

“…Increased risks related to obesity at lower BMIs have been found in Asians. 24,25 In addition, Asians are also predisposed to visceral or abdominal obesity. 26 Therefore, WHO recently proposed lower BMI values to define overweight and obesity in people of the AsiaPacific region.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal cut-off values for obesity: using simple anthropometric indices to predict cardiovascular risk factors in Taiwan

et al. 2002

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“…10 Tai et This observation is in line with a previous study demonstrating that the odds ratios of abnormal serum lipids to be significantly higher in subjects with higher waist-height ratios than in those with lower waist-height ratios in Japanese males with normal to moderately high BMI values. 25 As in the case with %FM, WHR and FM trunk / FM legs exhibited weaker associations with dyslipidemia in females than in males, which may be partly due to the smaller relative volume of intra-abdominal visceral fat in females than in males. 26 Although the mechanism underlying the gender difference is not fully understood, sex hormones and sex hormone-binding globulin may contribute to such difference.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Excess accumulation of body fat is related to dyslipidemia in normal-weight subjects

Ito¹,

Nakasuga

Ohshima³

et al. 2003

Int J Obes

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OBJECTIVE: To assess the relationship of fat mass (FM) and its distribution to hypertension and dyslipidemia in normal-weight Japanese individuals. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. SUBJECTS: Apparently healthy Japanese subjects with a body mass index (BMI) between 20 and 23.5 kg/m 2 (265 males and 741 females, age 21-69 y). MEASUREMENTS: BMI, waist circumference (WC), waist-hip ratio (WHR), systolic and diastolic blood pressure, serum levels of total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) and triglyceride (TG) were measured. Low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) was calculated by the Friedewald formula. Percentage fat mass (%FM) and trunk fat mass-leg fat mass ratio (FM trunk /FM legs ) were obtained by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. RESULTS: WC, WHR, %FM and FM trunk /FM legs were significantly correlated with TC, LDL-C, HDL-C and TG with the tendency of FM trunk /FM legs to show the strongest correlations. For %FM and FM trunk /FM legs in both sexes, odds ratios (ORs) of the third tertiles with respect to the first tertiles increased for LDL-C elevation, TG elevation and dyslipidemia. In males, ORs of the third tertiles of WC were significantly high for LDL-C elevation and dyslipidemia whereas those of WHR were high for TG elevation and dyslipidemia. ORs of the third tertiles of WC and WHR were significantly high for TG elevation in females. BMI was not associated with the risk of abnormal lipid levels. ORs for hypertension showed significant increases in none of the variables of obesity. CONCLUSIONS: Excess accumulation of FM, especially to the upper body, was related to dyslipidemia in normal-weight subjects. Simple anthropometric variables, WC and WHR, may be useful for screening and management of dyslipidemia in these subjects.

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“…Previous studies have demonstrated that waist circumference and waist-hip ratio reflecting central obesity was a better predictor of fatty liver and cardiovascular risk factors than general obesity. 4,[15][16][17] Ultrasound scan is a noninvasive method which can be used to image body fat without radiation exposure. To date, it has been used to measure subcutaneous [18][19][20] and preperitoneal fat 21,22 as well as visceral thickness (distance between anterior abdominal wall and anterior surface of aorta).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mesenteric fat thickness as an independent determinant of fatty liver

Liu

Chan

et al. 2006

Int J Obes

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Objective: Mesenteric fat is drained by the portal circulation and has been suggested to be a key component in obesity-related health risk, notably the metabolic syndrome. There are increasing epidemiological and experimental data showing that fatty liver is another component of this multifaceted syndrome. Given their intimate anatomical and physiological relationships, we hypothesized that mesenteric fat thickness may be independently associated with the risk of fatty liver. To test this hypothesis, we examined the predictive role of various fat deposits including mesenteric fat thickness, and various metabolic variables on the risk of fatty liver. Subjects and methods: A total of 291 Chinese subjects (134 men and 157 women with a mean BMI of 23.7 kg/m 2 , range: 16.5-33.4 kg/m 2 ) underwent ultrasound examination for measurement of mesenteric, subcutaneous and preperitoneal fat thickness, and for diagnosis of fatty liver. Body mass index, waist circumference, and waist-hip ratio were recorded. Blood pressure was measured. Fasting plasma glucose, insulin resistance, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), liver enzymes were determined by common methods. Results: The subjects with fatty liver had greater abdominal fat thickness and higher anthropometric indexes than those without fatty liver. The subjects with fatty liver also showed higher blood pressure, worse lipid and glycaemic profile compared with those without fatty liver. Using multiple logistic regression analysis, mesenteric fat thickness was a risk factor of fatty liver, independent of body mass index, age, sex, insulin resistance, fasting plasma glucose, lipid and blood pressure. The odds ratio was 1.5 (95% confidence interval: 1.27-1.77) for every 1 mm increase in the mesenteric fat thickness. Measurement of preperitoneal and subcutaneous fat deposits did not show significant associations with fatty liver. Conclusion: Mesenteric fat thickness measured on ultrasound is an independent determinant of fatty liver.

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Health risks among Japanese men with moderate body mass index

Cited by 90 publications

References 22 publications

Optimal cut-off values for obesity: using simple anthropometric indices to predict cardiovascular risk factors in Taiwan

Optimal cut-off values for obesity: using simple anthropometric indices to predict cardiovascular risk factors in Taiwan

Excess accumulation of body fat is related to dyslipidemia in normal-weight subjects

Mesenteric fat thickness as an independent determinant of fatty liver

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