Health Risks and Country Sustainability: The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic with Determining Cause-and-Effect Relationships and Their Transformations

Letunovska, Nataliia; Kashcha, Mariia; Dluhopolskyi, Oleksandr; Lyeonov, Serhiy; Аrtyukhova, Nadiia; Gąsior, Marcin; Sak-Skowron, Monika

doi:10.3390/su15010222

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 42 publications

(60 reference statements)

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“…It is worth defining complex indicators to identify the relationship between the development of the healthcare sector in the country and its ability to withstand the COVID-19 pandemic. These integral indices will be able to define the country’s vulnerability to COVID-19 and the development of the healthcare sector under different models of the healthcare system organization in the context of its ability to resist the pandemic [ 30 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of the Organization of Public Health Systems on the Ability of Countries to Resist the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Experience of Developed Countries of the World and Ukraine

Kuzior

Vasilyeva

Liuta

et al. 2023

IJERPH

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The purpose of the study is to analyze the presence of functional interrelationships between the level of funding of the healthcare sector and the country’s ability to withstand any pandemic, using the example of the COVID-19 pandemic. Official indicators presented by the WHO, analytical reports by Numbeo (the world’s largest cost-of-living database), and the Global Health Security Index were used for the study. Using these indicators, the authors analyzed the following: the level of the spread of coronavirus infections in the world’s countries, the share of public expenditures on the development of the medical sphere in the GDP of the countries, and the development of the healthcare sector in 12 developed countries and Ukraine. These countries were grouped into three groups, based on the model of the organization of the healthcare sector (Beveridge model, Bismark model, Market (private) model). The Farrar–Glauber method was used to check for multicollinearity in the input dataset, and thirteen relevant indicators were selected. These indicators took part in the formation of the generalized characteristics of the country’s medical sphere and the ability to resist the pandemic. The state of readiness of countries to resist the spread of coronavirus infections was assessed using the country’s index of vulnerability to COVID-19 and the integral index of the development of medicine. Additive convolution was used in combination with sigma-limited parameterization to form an integral index of the country’s vulnerability to COVID-19 and to determine the weights of each indicator. The convolution of indicators according to the Kolmogorov–Gabor polynomial was used to construct an integral index of the development of medicine. Thus, while analyzing the ability of countries to resist the pandemic in terms of models of organization of the healthcare sector, it should be noted that none of the models demonstrated absolute effectiveness in the fight against the mass spread of COVID-19. The calculations made it possible to determine the nature of the relationship between the integral indices of the development of medicine and the vulnerability of countries to COVID-19, as well as a country’s potential ability to resist any pandemic and prevent the mass spread of infectious diseases.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of the Organization of Public Health Systems on the Ability of Countries to Resist the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Experience of Developed Countries of the World and Ukraine

Kuzior

Vasilyeva

Liuta

et al. 2023

IJERPH

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Determinants of labor productivity in the USA

Kuzior,

Koibichuk,

Drozd

et al. 2023

Problems and Perspectives in Management

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This study aims to examine whether the labor productivity of the US population directly depends on public or private insurance coverage of people, employment level, life expectancies, spending on the public health system as a percentage of GDP, and spending on the public health system in natural terms. Empirical testing was carried out on the USА statistical data for 1987–2021 using a regression model with the fitting procedure backward stepwise selection (in Statgraphics software), and a multivariate adaptive regression spline MARS (using Salford Predictive Modeler software). The research hypothesis was confirmed for only two indicators: life expectancies and spending on the public health system in natural terms. Their impact on labor productivity appeared to be directly proportional. As an indicator, spending on the public health system has a greater impact on the change in productivity (0.0058%), whereas life expectancy has a lesser effect (0.0047%). The study showed that the MARS model provides more objective and accurate results compared to the regression model with the fitting procedure – backward stepwise selection. This conclusion is based on a comparison of real data modeled by both methods. The study proved that labor productivity in the USA grew yearly from 1987 to 2021 (the constant term in the MARS model’s regression equation is +0.48428). To calculate the specific values of labor productivity for each year, a model was developed depending on the optimal basic functions (automatically generated by the MARS model depending on the current values of life expectancies and spending on the public health system in natural terms). AcknowledgmentThis study is funded by Department of Applied Social Sciences of the Faculty of Organization and Management of the Silesian University of Technology for the year 2023 (grant number 13/020/BK_23/0081).

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Health Risks and Country Sustainability: The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic with Determining Cause-and-Effect Relationships and Their Transformations

Cited by 2 publications

References 42 publications

The Impact of the Organization of Public Health Systems on the Ability of Countries to Resist the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Experience of Developed Countries of the World and Ukraine

The Impact of the Organization of Public Health Systems on the Ability of Countries to Resist the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Experience of Developed Countries of the World and Ukraine

Determinants of labor productivity in the USA

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