Healthcare‐Associated Pneumonia: Epidemiology, Microbiology and Clinical Outcomes

Restrepo, Marcos I.; Anzueto, Antonio

doi:10.1002/9780470518274.ch1

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

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“…Pneumonia caused by infective agents such as viruses, fungi, and bacteria affects the pulmonary parenchyma of the lower respiratory tract (Restrepo & Anzueto, 2007). These foreign agents establish an inflammation response after interaction with lung, and cause bronchioles and alveoli to fill with fluids and become solid, leading to tissue collapse and breathing difficulty.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inflammation‐modulating nanoparticles for pneumonia therapy

Muhammad

Zhai

Wang

et al. 2021

WIREs Nanomed Nanobiotechnol

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Pneumonia is a common but serious infectious disease, and is the sixth leading cause for death. The foreign pathogens such as viruses, fungi, and bacteria establish an inflammation response after interaction with lung, leading to the filling of bronchioles and alveoli with fluids. Although the pharmacotherapies have shown their great effectiveness to combat pathogens, advanced methods are under developing to treat complicated cases such as virus‐infection and lung inflammation or acute lung injury (ALI). The inflammation modulation nanoparticles (NPs) can effectively suppress immune cells and inhibit inflammatory molecules in the lung site, and thereby alleviate pneumonia and ALI. In this review, the pathological inflammatory microenvironments in pneumonia, which are instructive for the design of biomaterials therapy, are summarized. The focus is then paid to the inflammation‐modulating NPs that modulate the inflammatory cells, cytokines and chemokines, and microenvironments of pneumonia for better therapeutic effects. This article is categorized under: Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Respiratory Disease

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%