Healthcare avoidance due to anticipated discrimination among transgender people: A call to create trans-affirmative environments

Improving the care management of trans patients: Focus groups of nursing students’ perceptions

“…Concordantly, the existing literature suggests that knowledge of LGBTQ+ terminology is crucial to understand and provide a culturally competent care to trans patients, as well as identifying professional and personal bias (Abeln & Love, 2019). Both educators and senior charge nurses in different organisations have an important role to support and prepare their future and present nurses to create an environment of transinclusivity at work (Carabez et al., 2015; Kcomt et al., 2020).…”

“…Furthermore, those who do not cluster themselves into a binary model might find these inclusive spaces as a safe place, and therefore, these might serve as a model of awareness for those nursing students who do their clinical rotations in those institutions. This kind of advocacy model in practicum settings may play an important role to empower nursing's inclusive attitudes and responsibility in their own practice (Kcomt et al., 2020; Lim et al., 2015). Having said that, educators, administrators and other health care managers arise as one of the cornerstones in trans patients’ care delivery.…”

Experiences and Perceptions of Trans and Gender Non-Binary People Regarding Their Psychosocial Support Needs: A Systematic Review of the Qualitative Research Evidence

“…Mental health services, supports and interventions tailored and responsive to the specific needs of the trans and non-binary population is variable depending on the context and jurisdiction [ 15 , 16 ]. Access to services can be problematic with trans individuals reporting a reluctance to use services for fear of discriminatory practices and further marginalization and social exclusion [ 17 ]. Necessary psychological supports and interventions, including access to a range of talking therapies, particularly with a focus on minority stress should be widely available [ 18 ].…”

Transgender Data Collection in the Electronic Health Record (EHR): Current Concepts and Issues

“…[1] Reasons for avoiding care include experiences of misgendering, pathologization, and medicalization. [1][2][3][4] These forms of discrimination have been codified in electronic health records (EHRs), as well as in diagnostic and billing codes and criteria including the DSM, SNOMED-CT, and ICD, becoming the de facto language of treatment 1 . [3,[12][13][14][15][16] For the past three centuries 2 , [22] medical professionals have diagnosed being transgender as schizophrenia, [23][24][25][26] paraphilia, [27,28] multiple-personality disorder, [29,30] borderline personality disorder, [31,32] narcissistic personality disorder, [33] obsessive-compulsive disorder, [34] and/or autism 3 .…”