Healthcare professionals´ experiences of assessing, treating and preventing constipation among older patients during hospitalization: An interview study

Abstract

Background Constipation is a common and troublesome condition among older patients and can result in a variety of negative health consequences. It is often undiagnosed or undertreated. Healthcare professionals have a responsibility to understand and address patients’ overall healthcare needs so exploring their experiences is, therefore, highly relevant. The purpose of the study was to explore healthcare professionals’ experiences of assessing, treating and preventing constipation among older patients. Methods A qualitative design with an exploratory approach was used. The participants were purposively sampled from three wards in a geriatric department in a medium-sized hospital in Sweden. Data were collected through focus group interviews and individual interviews and analyzed using content analysis. Results Three categories were generated: depending on resources and uncertainties, using different strategies, and approaching the patients’ needs. In the care of older patients at risk of or with constipation, decisions were made based on personal knowledge, personal experience and clinical reasoning. A person-centered approach was highlighted but was not always possible to incorporate. Conclusions Different strategies for preventing and treating constipation were believed to be important, as was person-centered care, but were found to be difficult to perform. Healthcare professionals need adequate resources. Evidence-based clinical guidelines might help the delivery of high-quality care. Constipation needs to be given more focus in hospitals in order to potentially improve the care and patient outcomes for older people.