Healthcare services utilisation among patients with hypertension and diabetes in rural Ghana

Opare-Addo, Mercy Naa Aduele; Osei, Francis; Buabeng, Kwame Ohene; Marfo, Afia Frimpomaa Asare; Nyanor, Isaac; Amuzu, Evans Xorse; Ansong, Daniel; Owusu‐Dabo, Ellis

doi:10.4102/phcfm.v12i1.2114

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…However, we have not identi ed any other studies that can support this particular nding. On the contrary, other studies show that age is not a predictor of the utilization of healthcare facility [33,34]. Another explanation of this result may be the study's methodology and the characteristics of the study population, i.e.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

Where do people with hypertension or type 2 diabetes seek care when ill? A cross-sectional study on sociodemographic correlates of utilization of healthcare facilities in rural Kenya

Schwarz,

Gyawali,

Khamati

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Background Hypertension and type 2 diabetes are among the most common non-communicable diseases that contribute to a large number of adult morbidity and mortality in Kenya. The impact of these conditions may pose the greatest challenge in rural areas with limited access to care. The objective of the study was to assess utilization of healthcare facilities (Primary, Secondary and Tertiary levels) and associated sociodemographic factors among people with hypertension or type 2 diabetes and/or at risk of having these conditions in rural Kenya. Methods This study used data from the 2019 Baseline Assessment of the Prevention and Control of Non-Communicable Disease Project in Imenti South, Meru County conducted by the Kenya Red Cross Society. A community-based study using a cross-sectional design was conducted among four hundred and thirty-five participants in Imenti South Sub Country, Meru County in Kenya in November 2019. Chi-square test and logistic regression analyses were conducted to explore sociodemographic factors associated with utilization of healthcare facilities. Unadjusted and adjusted Odds Ratios with a 95% Confidence Interval (CI) were reported. Results The mean age of the participants was 49.1 years (standard deviation [SD] = 17.6 years). Of the 435 participants, 51.30% (n = 223), 36.30% (n = 158), and 42.50% (n = 185) utilized primary, secondary and tertiary healthcare facilities respectively. Factors significantly associated with the utilization of a primary healthcare facility were participants living in Mitunguu region (adjusted OR 2.74, 95% CI 1.65–4.60), and College or University education (adjusted OR 0.15, 95% CI 0.04–0.60). Factors significantly associated with the utilization of a tertiary healthcare facility included age group > 40 years (adjusted OR 2.41, 95% CI 1.45-4.00), living in Igoji region (adjusted OR 2.19, 95% CI 1.22–3.11), and Mitunguu region (adjusted OR 0.26, 95% CI 0.15–0.48), College or University education (adjusted OR 8.53, 95% CI 1.97–36.87) and average monthly income (adjusted OR 2.29, 95% CI 1.28–4.08). Conclusions The utilization of the primary healthcare facility was associated with ward and educational level, and the utilization of the tertiary healthcare facility was associated with age, ward, educational level, and average monthly income among rural Kenyans who had hypertension or type 2 diabetes and/or were at risk of having these conditions. These results provide insights regarding the sociodemographic factors associated with the utilization of healthcare facilities in rural Kenya that could contribute to evidence-based health policymaking. Additionally, the results highlight the relevance of taking sociodemographic factors into account when designing interventions for people with non-communicable diseases living in rural Kenya.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

Where do people with hypertension or type 2 diabetes seek care when ill? A cross-sectional study on sociodemographic correlates of utilization of healthcare facilities in rural Kenya

Schwarz,

Gyawali,

Khamati

et al. 2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…These disparities, left unaddressed, could exacerbate existing health inequalities in disease burden in the country. Prior studies on the subject have mainly focused on maternal and child healthcare utilization [ 5 – 7 ] or population segments such as the aged [ 8 , 9 ], those with chronic health conditions [ 10 ], and those with health insurance subscription [ 11 ]. While these studies have provided some useful insights on the subject, their generalizability to the Ghanaian population is limited since they only represent specific segments of the population.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Healthcare utilization in Ghana: Insights from the 2017 Ghana Living Standard Survey

Tuoyire,

Baatiema,

Dwomoh

et al. 2024

PLoS ONE

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Introduction The persistence of healthcare utilization disparities in Ghana despite several policy efforts highlights the urgency of understanding its determinants to enhance equitable health access. We sought to examine the determinants of healthcare utilization in Ghana. Methods We used the 2017 Ghana Living Standard Survey (GLSS) data. This was a cross-sectional design, which employed a stratified two-stage random sampling technique. We analyzed data involving 8,298 respondents with information on visits to healthcare facilities for services on account of illness or injury two weeks prior to the survey. Pearson’s chi-squared test was used to assess the distribution of healthcare utilization across background characteristics. Further, we used multivariable Poisson regression model with robust standard error to identify factors independently associated with healthcare utilization. Results Among the 8,298, the median age was 24 years (interquartile range = 7–47), 45% were males, and 45% had no education. About 42% of respondents utilized health services during an episode of illness or injury. Age, sex, educational level, marital status, wealth quintile, health insurance and severity of illness/injury were independently associated with healthcare utilization. Healthcare utilization increased significantly with wealth quintiles—those in the highest wealth quintiles had about 22% increased utilization compared to those in the lowest wealth quintiles (aPR = 1.22; 95%CI = 1.13–1.32) while it was about 77% higher among those who had valid health insurance compared to those without (aPR = 1.77; 95% CI = 1.68–1.86). Regarding severity of illness or injury, those with severe conditions were about 65% more likely to utilize healthcare services compared to those with acute conditions (aPR = 1.65; 95% CI = 1.53–1.78). Conclusion Our study underscores the importance of socio-economic factors and health insurance in healthcare utilization in Ghana. Addressing these can pave the way for more equitable access to healthcare services across all segments of the population.

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The Epidemiological and Economic Burden of Diabetes in Ghana: A Scoping Review to Inform Health Technology Assessment

Kazibwe

Gad

Abassah-Konadu

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Introduction Diabetes remains one of the four major causes of morbidity and mortality globally among non-communicable diseases (NCDs. It is predicted to increase in sub–Saharan Africa by over 50% by 2045. The aim of this study is to identify, map and estimate the burden of diabetes in Ghana, which is essential for optimising NCD country policy and understanding existing knowledge gaps to guide future research in this area. Methods We followed the Arksey and O’Malley framework for scoping reviews. We searched electronic databases including Medline, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane and African Index Medicus following a systematic search strategy. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews was followed when reporting the results. Results A total of 36 studies were found to fulfil the inclusion criteria. The reported prevalence of diabetes at national level in Ghana ranged between 2.80% – 3.95%. At the regional level, the Western region reported the highest prevalence of diabetes: 39.80%, followed by Ashanti region (25.20%) and Central region at 24.60%. The prevalence of diabetes was generally higher in women in comparison to men. Urban areas were found to have a higher prevalence of diabetes than rural areas. The mean annual financial cost of managing one diabetic case at the outpatient clinic was estimated at GHS 540.35 (2021 US $194.09). There was a paucity of evidence on the overall economic burden and the regional prevalence burden. Conclusion Ghana is faced with a considerable burden of diabetes which varies by region and setting (urban/rural). There is an urgent need for effective and efficient interventions to prevent the anticipated elevation in burden of disease through the utilisation of existing evidence and proven priority-setting tools like Health Technology Assessment (HTA).

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Healthcare services utilisation among patients with hypertension and diabetes in rural Ghana

Cited by 6 publications

References 25 publications

Where do people with hypertension or type 2 diabetes seek care when ill? A cross-sectional study on sociodemographic correlates of utilization of healthcare facilities in rural Kenya

Where do people with hypertension or type 2 diabetes seek care when ill? A cross-sectional study on sociodemographic correlates of utilization of healthcare facilities in rural Kenya

Healthcare utilization in Ghana: Insights from the 2017 Ghana Living Standard Survey

The Epidemiological and Economic Burden of Diabetes in Ghana: A Scoping Review to Inform Health Technology Assessment

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