Healthy ageing and Mediterranean diet: A focus on hormetic phytochemicals

Alì, Sawan; Davinelli, Sergio; Accardi, Giulia; Aiello, Anna; Caruso, Calogero; Duro, Giovanni; Ligotti, Mattia Emanuela; Pojero, Fanny; Scapagnini, Giovanni; Candore, Giuseppina

doi:10.1016/j.mad.2021.111592

Cited by 19 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 130 publications

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“…Moreover, the traditional one is low in calorie intake as well as in animal proteins, especially in red and cured meat, with low amounts of saturated fatty acids and sugars and a high content of fibers [76]. It is a nutritional pattern and includes a lifestyle leading to successful aging and to a reduction in the onset of diseases and disabilities typical of the aging process [77,78]. The explanation could be found in the great variety of phytochemical compounds of its foods with proven nutraceutical properties [78].…”

Section: Anti-inflammatory Effect Of Medimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is a nutritional pattern and includes a lifestyle leading to successful aging and to a reduction in the onset of diseases and disabilities typical of the aging process [77,78]. The explanation could be found in the great variety of phytochemical compounds of its foods with proven nutraceutical properties [78]. These molecules showed antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, highlighted by reduction in serum levels of inflammatory mediators such as Creactive protein, Interleukin-(IL-)6, as well as many inflammatory biomarkers found in many chronic diseases, including MS [10,79,80].…”

Section: Anti-inflammatory Effect Of Medimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…EVOO might exert beneficial effects reducing the levels of markers of inflammation and conferring neuroprotection [88,89]. Hydroxytyrosol, oleuropein, and oleocanthal, polyphenols widely studied in vivo, in vitro and directly in human, inhibit Nuclear Factor-κB (NF-κB) pathway, showing ibuprofen-like activity and inhibiting cyclooxygenases 1 and 2, that are responsible for prostaglandin production [78,90,91]. Moreover, the phenolic, oleuropein aglycone inhibits TNF-α-induced matrix metalloproteinase 9 in a monocyte cell line with an interesting role in the development of inflammatory diseases [92].…”

Section: Medi Foods Suggested For the Protocol To Be Developedmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ketogenic and Modified Mediterranean Diet as a Tool to Counteract Neuroinflammation in Multiple Sclerosis: Nutritional Suggestions

et al. 2022

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Ketogenic Diet is a nutritional pattern often used as dietotherapy in inflammatory diseases, including neurological disorders. Applied on epileptic children since 1920, in recent years it has been taken into account again as a tool to both reduce inflammatory burdens and ameliorate the nutritional status of patients affected by different pathologies. Multiple sclerosis (MS) is considered an immune-mediated neuro-inflammatory disease and diet is a possible factor in its pathogenesis. The aim of this work is to investigate the main potential targets of MS-related impairments, in particular the cognitive deficits, focusing on the alteration of biomarkers such as the Brain Derived-Neurotrophic Factor and the Tryptophan/Kynurenine ratio that could play a role on neuroprotection and thus on MS progression. Furthermore, we here propose nutritional suggestions which are useful in the development of a ketogenic diet protocol that takes advantage of the anti-inflammatory properties of low-carbohydrate foods from the Mediterranean diet to be applied to subjects with MS. In conclusion, this approach will allow one to develop the ketogenic diet combined with a modified Mediterranean diet as a possible tool to improve neuroinflammation in multiple sclerosis.

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Section: Anti-inflammatory Effect Of Medimentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Anti-inflammatory Effect Of Medimentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Medi Foods Suggested For the Protocol To Be Developedmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ketogenic and Modified Mediterranean Diet as a Tool to Counteract Neuroinflammation in Multiple Sclerosis: Nutritional Suggestions

et al. 2022

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“…This is probably because excessive amounts of ω-3 PUFAs are more likely to undergo peroxidation, thus increasing ROS production and ultimately leading to a lifespan reduction. This suggest that low concentrations of ω-3 PUFAs are better able to improve lifespan [ 141 ], a phenomenon that makes sense with the hormetic effect of ω-3 LCPUFAs, since it has already been reported that low doses of phytochemicals [ 152 ] and fatty acids [ 153 ] emphasize stress-response pathways, enhancing the regulation of various cytoprotective proteins.…”

Section: High-throughput Techniques and Biological Models To Study Om...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Structured Long-Chain Omega-3 Fatty Acids for Improvement of Cognitive Function during Aging

Mora

Arola

Caimari

et al. 2022

IJMS

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Although the human lifespan has increased in the past century owing to advances in medicine and lifestyle, the human healthspan has not kept up the same pace, especially in brain aging. Consequently, the role of preventive health interventions has become a crucial strategy, in particular, the identification of nutritional compounds that could alleviate the deleterious effects of aging. Among nutrients to cope with aging in special cognitive decline, the long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω-3 LCPUFAs) docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), have emerged as very promising ones. Due to their neuroinflammatory resolving effects, an increased status of DHA and EPA in the elderly has been linked to better cognitive function and a lower risk of dementia. However, the results from clinical studies do not show consistent evidence and intake recommendations for old adults are lacking. Recently, supplementation with structured forms of EPA and DHA, which can be derived natural forms or targeted structures, have proven enhanced bioavailability and powerful benefits. This review summarizes present and future perspectives of new structures of ω-3 LCPUFAs and the role of “omic” technologies combined with the use of high-throughput in vivo models to shed light on the relationships and underlying mechanisms between ω-3 LCPUFAs and healthy aging.

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“…Importantly, the rate of aging and lifespan regulation are amenable and depend on genetic and non-genetic or environmental factors [2]. A significant amount of data has now established that the environment has a profound effect on lifespan regulation, with diet and stress being predominant factors determining survival, at the cellular, tissue and organismal levels [3][4][5][6]. Cells perceive nutrients, i.e., amino acids and sugars, through nutrient-responsive pathways that are hard-wired to basic metabolic processes, such as gene transcription, protein translation, proteostasis and protein degradation rates, mitochondrial function, such as detoxification and respiration, as well as autophagy [2,7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrient-Response Pathways in Healthspan and Lifespan Regulation

Dabrowska

Kumar

Rallis

2022

Cells

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Cellular, small invertebrate and vertebrate models are a driving force in biogerontology studies. Using various models, such as yeasts, appropriate tissue culture cells, Drosophila, the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans and the mouse, has tremendously increased our knowledge around the relationship between diet, nutrient-response signaling pathways and lifespan regulation. In recent years, combinatorial drug treatments combined with mutagenesis, high-throughput screens, as well as multi-omics approaches, have provided unprecedented insights in cellular metabolism, development, differentiation, and aging. Scientists are, therefore, moving towards characterizing the fine architecture and cross-talks of growth and stress pathways towards identifying possible interventions that could lead to healthy aging and the amelioration of age-related diseases in humans. In this short review, we briefly examine recently uncovered knowledge around nutrient-response pathways, such as the Insulin Growth Factor (IGF) and the mechanistic Target of Rapamycin signaling pathways, as well as specific GWAS and some EWAS studies on lifespan and age-related disease that have enhanced our current understanding within the aging and biogerontology fields. We discuss what is learned from the rich and diverse generated data, as well as challenges and next frontiers in these scientific disciplines.

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Healthy ageing and Mediterranean diet: A focus on hormetic phytochemicals

Cited by 19 publications

References 130 publications

Ketogenic and Modified Mediterranean Diet as a Tool to Counteract Neuroinflammation in Multiple Sclerosis: Nutritional Suggestions

Ketogenic and Modified Mediterranean Diet as a Tool to Counteract Neuroinflammation in Multiple Sclerosis: Nutritional Suggestions

Structured Long-Chain Omega-3 Fatty Acids for Improvement of Cognitive Function during Aging

Nutrient-Response Pathways in Healthspan and Lifespan Regulation

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