Healthy ageing: the role of nutrition and lifestyle – a new British Nutrition Foundation Task Force Report

Stanner, Sara; Denny, A.

doi:10.1111/j.1467-3010.2008.01734.x

Cited by 20 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Health promotion through the encouragement of certain dietary habits are easier to incorporate into intervention programs and to be followed by the target audience (K. Young, et al, 2011 Depression is one of the most prevalent and costly of all mental health disorders and a leading cause of disability (Stanner, et al, 2009). Reports on the prevalence of clinically significant depressive symptoms among healthy older adults range from approximately 8% to 16% (Blazer, 2003).…”

Section: Manuscript 3: Reverse Causality Of Diet-depression Relationshipmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional predictors of depression in a cohort of community-dwelling elderly Canadians: NuAge cohort

GougeonLaura¹

2014

Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab.

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Depression is associated with decreased quality of life and high mortality risk at all ages and, despite having lower prevalence in community-dwelling seniors compared to other stages of the life span or institutionalized elderly, it negatively affects seniors' health outcomes. Most evidence linking late-life depression, defined as first onset after 65 years of age, with dietary factors comes from cross-sectional studies, which cannot provide information on whether declines in diet were a consequence of depression-the reverse causality hypothesis. The Quebec Longitudinal Study on Nutrition and Aging (NuAge) provides an ideal setting to explore such a relationship among a healthy, community-dwelling elderly population. Diet is hypothesized to be a factor associated with depression. Some longitudinal evidence from studies with middle-aged adults suggests that dietary patterns such as the Mediterranean or patterns deemed "healthy" are protective against depression, while "western" and "unhealthy" patterns are risk factors for the disease. B-vitamins are important cofactors in neurotransmitter synthesis and in the enzymes of the one-carbon metabolism, which has been hypothesized to have an aetiological role in depression through its neurotoxic derivates, such as homocysteine. Nonetheless, it is still largely unknown how depression affects nutrient intake in the elderly population, raising the question of the directionality of the association. Therefore, ii the three objectives of this thesis were to explore the longitudinal associations of i) dietary patterns and macronutrient intake and of ii) B6, B12 and folate intakes with the incidence of depression in late life; and iii) to investigate whether depression significantly affects short-term nutrient intakes (reverse causality effect) in comparison to intakes among non-depressed seniors.Data for this study have been obtained from the NuAge cohort, a 4-y longitudinal study of 1,793 community-dwelling men and women aged 68 to 82 years at baseline. The main outcome is incidence of depression as defined by scores in the 30-item Geriatric Depression Scale ≥11 and or antidepressant medication use over the three years of follow-up. Participants were free of depression at the study's baseline through the exclusion of those with GDS scores ≥11 or antidepressant use at the time of the recruitment. Individuals with invalid or missing dietary information were also excluded. Dietary patterns were created through principal component analysis on amount (grams) of food items consumed in each of the 32 predefined food categories. Sex-specific tertiles of intake were created from the mean of three non-consecutive 24h-recalls. Multiple logistic regression models were adjusted for several demographic, health, and social confounders. For the study of the reverse causality hypothesis, we conducted a case-control nested within the NuAge cohort. Participants free of iii depression at baseline who developed depression at some point of follow-up were matched by age group and sex with...

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Section: Manuscript 3: Reverse Causality Of Diet-depression Relationshipmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional predictors of depression in a cohort of community-dwelling elderly Canadians: NuAge cohort

GougeonLaura¹

2014

Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab.

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“…Nutrition and other lifestyle factors, including smoking behaviour and PA are major determinants of the ageing trajectory (17,18) . While intakes of individual foods and nutrients may influence ageing, the strongest evidence for positive effects of diet on ageing in human subjects comes from studies of the Mediterranean diet (19) .…”

Section: Proceedings Of the Nutrition Societymentioning

confidence: 99%

Personalising nutritional guidance for more effective behaviour change

2014

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for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 5PL, UK Improving diet and other lifestyle behaviours has considerable potential for reducing the global burden of non-communicable diseases, promoting better health across the life-course and increasing wellbeing. However, realising this potential will require the development, testing and implementation of much more effective behaviour change interventions than are used conventionally. Evidence-based, personalised (or stratified) interventions which incorporate effective behaviour change techniques (BCT) and which are delivered digitally are likely to be an important route to scalable and sustainable interventions. Progress in developing such interventions will depend on the outcomes of research on: (i) the best bases for personalisation of dietary advice; (ii) identification of BCT which are proven to enhance intervention efficacy; (iii) suitable platforms (digital-based tools) for collection of relevant participant characteristics (e.g. socioeconomic information, current diet and lifestyle and dietary preferences) linked with intelligent systems which use those characteristics to offer tailored feedback and advice in a cost-effective and acceptable manner. Future research should focus on such interventions aiming to reduce health inequalities and to improve overall public health.Personalised nutrition: Behaviour change: Disease prevention: Phenotype: Genotype Health is plastic and results from interactions between individual genotype and exposures plus the play of chance (1) . The important exposures include environmental contaminants, smoking and other hazardous lifestyle habits, physical activity (PA) and diet. It has been estimated that up to 80 % of major cardiometabolic diseases and over one-third of cancers could be prevented by eliminating shared risk factors, including tobacco use, poor diet, physical inactivity and excess alcohol (2) . A cluster of health behaviours, including non-smoking, being physically active, moderate alcohol intake and consumption of fruit and vegetables, is associated with up to fourfold lower mortality risk, equivalent to 14 years in chronological age (3,4) . The risk of most common diseases increases with age as does the burden of disability and frailty. A recent analysis of the global burden of ill-health demonstrated that poor diet and physical inactivity accounted for about three quarters of the top twenty factors contributing to disability-adjusted life years in the UK (5) . This emphasises the primacy of changing lifestyle factors (notably smoking cessation, increasing PA and improving diet) in public health initiatives which are aimed at improving health throughout the life-course and, especially, in adulthood.Despite considerable research on interventions to increase PA and to improve diet, in most cases the effect size achieved in such interventions is relatively modest, especially in the longer term. For example, our recent systematic review and meta-analysis of PA interventions in middle-age (55-70 years) with object...

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“…With the global demographic shift, researchers and practitioners have a growing interest in modifiable factors that may help older adults to continue to live in their homes, in the community, with maintained physical, mental, and social well-being; in other words, aging healthily with good quality of life in the community [1,7]. Therefore, nutrients and dietary factors have been explored for their potential association with depression in old age.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Major depression is one of the most prevalent and costly of all mental disorders and a leading cause of disability, affecting one in four people over their lifetime [1]. Epidemiological studies have reported prevalence rates of major depression as high as 30 % among adults older than 65 years of age, depending on region, ethnicity, and diagnostic method [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Patterns and Depression in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: State of the Evidence

Gougeon

2016

Curr Nutr Rep

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Depression is known to affect people's quality of life, and it should not be considered as a normal part of aging. Diet is a modifiable factor that may be associated with the likelihood of older adults becoming depressed. While some nutrients and specific food items, such as B vitamins or fish, have been explored, food is rarely eaten alone and may have a synergistic effect on health. Therefore, the study of dietary patterns, such as the Mediterranean pattern, is emerging. While evidence from longitudinal studies is still scarce, this synthesis of studies on the association of dietary patterns and depression in community-dwelling older adults suggests that dietary patterns may not be a strong predictor of late-life depression when social and biological factors are accounted for.

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Healthy ageing: the role of nutrition and lifestyle – a new British Nutrition Foundation Task Force Report

Cited by 20 publications

References 16 publications

Nutritional predictors of depression in a cohort of community-dwelling elderly Canadians: NuAge cohort

Nutritional predictors of depression in a cohort of community-dwelling elderly Canadians: NuAge cohort

Personalising nutritional guidance for more effective behaviour change

Dietary Patterns and Depression in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: State of the Evidence

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