Healthy dietary patterns, foods, and risk of glioma: A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies

Abstract

BackgroundAccumulating epidemiological evidence has shown the favorable associations between healthy dietary patterns and risk of glioma, although the results remain inconclusive.ObjectiveWe therefore carried out a systematic review and meta-analysis to summarize the evidence from previous published studies, and to clarify the effects of healthy dietary patterns, typical healthy foods on glioma.MethodsPubMed, Web of Science, CNKI, and Wan fang data were searched from inception up to September 2022 for eligible studies. Two authors independently performed the literature search, study selection, data extraction, and quality assessment. Heterogeneity across studies was estimated using the Cochran’s Q test and I2 statistic. According to heterogeneity, the fixed-effects model or random-effects model was selected to obtain the relative risk (RR) of the merger. Subgroup analysis, sensitivity analysis and publication bias were also used for our analysis.ResultsTwenty-four articles that met the selection criteria, involving 7,278 glioma cases and 2,143,528 participants, were included in our analysis. There was a reduced risk of glioma in the highest compared with the lowest categories of healthy dietary patterns (RR = 0.58; 95% CI: 0.44–0.77; P < 0.0001). Moreover, compared with the lowest intakes, the highest intakes of vegetables (RR = 0.84; 95% CI: 0.73–0.96; P = 0.012) and fruits (RR = 0.85; 95% CI: 0.72–1.00; P = 0.045) significantly reduce the risk of glioma. However, the intakes of fresh fish, nuts, whole grains, and dairy products showed no statistically significant associations with the risk of glioma (P > 0.05).ConclusionFindings from this systematic review and meta-analysis indicate that higher intakes of healthy dietary patterns, vegetables, and fruits are significantly associated with the lower risk of glioma. Further studies, particularly with prospective design, are required to confirm our findings.

Advancements in Glioma Care: Focus on Emerging Neurosurgical Techniques

“…Emerging research suggests potential links between certain dietary components and glioblastoma risk. [10] In essence, the global distribution of glioblastoma involves a complex interplay of genetic, environmental, and health factors. Unraveling these complexities is essential to advancing our knowledge of glioma epidemiology and ultimately improving prevention and treatment strategies on a global scale.…”

Does paraspinal muscle morphometry predict functional status and re-operation after lumbar spinal surgery? A systematic review and meta-analysis

“…Meta-analyses were performed to show the weighted effect size for homogenous comparisons when required metrics could be calculated in ≥ 3 studies according to previous studies [27,28]. The analysis was completed by Revman 5.4.1 and Rstudio software [29].…”

“…The heterogeneity was evaluated by Cochran's Q and I 2 statistics tests. The fixed-effects model was selected when the heterogeneity was acceptable with p > 0.10 and I 2 < 50%; otherwise, a random-effects model was fitted [27]. Publication bias was displayed by funnel plots and Egger's test [23,27].…”

Dietary patterns in relation to glioma: a case–control study

“…In a combined analysis of 3 large prospective studies in the UK and US revealed a weak association between adherence to healthy dietary patterns, as measured by the dietary approaches to stop hypertension (DASH) eating plan, alternate Mediterranean diet and Alternative Healthy Eating Index (AHEI), and increased risk of glioma; however, these associations were generally null after excluding the first 5 years of follow-up [ 13 ]. The findings of a meta-analysis showed that following a healthy diet and consuming more vegetables and fruits was associated with reduced risk of glioma, but the findings regarding the consumption of whole grains, fresh fish, dairy products and nuts were not significant [ 14 ].…”