Healthy Young and Old Women Differ in Their Trunk Elevation and Hip Pivot Motions When Rising from Supine to Sitting

Alexander, Neil B.; Fry-Welch, D; Marshall, Lisa M.; Chung, Carolyn Chia-Fung; Kowalski, A.

doi:10.1111/j.1532-5415.1995.tb05804.x

Cited by 26 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Sarcopenia, the decline of muscle mass with age, causes several disabilities (Alexander et al 1995;Judge et al 1993;Wolfson et al 1995) and lifestyle-related diseases (Karakelides and Nair 2005;Roubenoff 2004;Schrager et al 2007;Walsh et al 2006). Although many potential mechanisms of sarcopenia have been investigated such as the level of physical activity, hormone deficiency and dietary protein intake, chronic inflammation and production of catabolic cytokines have been reported to be one such mechanism (Schrager et al 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

A cross-sectional study of sarcopenia in Japanese men and women: reference values and association with cardiovascular risk factors

et al. 2010

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In this study of Japanese men and women, we determine reference values for sarcopenia and test the hypothesis that sarcopenia is associated with risk factors for cardiovascular disease, independent of waist circumference. A total of 1,488 Japanese men and women aged 18-85 years participated in this study. Appendicular muscle mass (AMM) was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Reference values for classes 1 and 2 sarcopenia (skeletal muscle index: AMM/height2, kg m-2) in each sex were defined as values one and two standard deviations below the sex-specific means of reference values obtained in this study from young adults aged 18-40 years. The reference values for class 1 and class 2 sarcopenia were 7.77 and 6.87 kg m-2 in men and 6.12 and 5.46 kg m-2 in women. In subjects both with class 1 and class 2 sarcopenia, body mass index and % body fat were significantly lower than in normal subjects. Despite whole-blood glycohaemoglobin A1c in men with class 1 sarcopenia was significantly higher than in normal subjects, and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity in women both with class 1 and class 2 sarcopenia were significantly higher than in normal subjects, using one-way ANCOVA with adjustment for the covariate of waist circumference. Although sarcopenia is associated with thin body mass, it is associated with more glycation of serum proteins in men and with greater arterial stiffness in women, independent of waist circumference.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

A cross-sectional study of sarcopenia in Japanese men and women: reference values and association with cardiovascular risk factors

et al. 2010

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“…Rising and standing movements have been primarily examined in qualitative research, and the development of movement as well as movement patterns in children has been mostly analyzed and classified [1][2][3] . In quantitative research, several studies have analyzed energy efficiencies, muscle activities, and gravity center fluctuations, while others have compared elderly persons who live at home and those who live at nursing homes [7][8][9] . However, there have been very few studies analyzing the basic m o v e m e n t p a t t e r n s o f t h e e l d e r l y b o t h quantitatively and qualitatively 6) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between Movement Patterns and Physical Fitness Elements during Rising from the Supine to Sitting Position in Community-Dwelling Elderly Persons

Kaneko

Morala

Kurosawa³

et al. 2003

J Phys Ther Sci

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Abstract. The objective of the present study was to clarify the effects of physical fitness elements on rising from the supine to sitting position in the elderly. Subjects were 18 elderly persons (12 men and 6 women) who lived at home. Rising from the supine to sitting position was analyzed by measuring the amount of time required for rising and observing body movements. Dynamic balance was assessed by measuring maximum forward and lateral reach of the arm in the sitting position. Trunk muscle strength was also assessed by measuring trunk bending by while sitting in a chair. Furthermore, flexibility was assessed by measuring finger-floor distance (FFD) while standing on the feet and bending the upper body forward. The average minimal rising time was 2.7 ± 0.9 seconds. There were two distinctive movement patterns for rising, and the results of one-way ANOVA showed that FFD was the only significant principal effect. Multiple regression analysis of the relationship of minimal rising time to maximum lateral reach and maximum trunk muscle strength showed a determination coefficient of r2=0.795 (p<0.01). The results of the present study indicate that flexibility affects movement patterns, and that lateral reach and trunk muscle strength are the determination factors for the amount of time required for rising from the supine to sitting position.

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“…Muscle weakness of the lower extremities in the elderly has been implicated with difficulties in daily-living activities such as transfers, gait, balance, falling, dressing, and shopping [1][2][3][4][5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Muscle Strength and Mass of Lower Extremities in Relation to Functional Abilities in Elderly Adults

et al. 2000

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Background: Functional and physiological declines in advancing age may be significant limiting factors in reduced physical activity. Sarcopenia of aging, as a normative process or disease, cannot entirely explain reduced physical activity in the elderly. Objective: The purpose of the study was to investigate the relationship between muscle loss and reduction in functional abilities in elderly adults and also to determine whether an exercise program can improve functional performance and muscle quality. Methods: Anthropometric measurements and sensorimotor testing were conducted on 28 volunteers (12 men and 16 women, 82.7 ± 2.4 years of age) who were permanent residents in a skilled nursing facility. Twenty-nine elderly adults (79.3 ± 3.5 years of age) served as a control, nonexercising group. Anthropometric measurements included: weight, height, body fat, and thigh circumference. The muscle strength was tested with a medical isokinetic system. We assessed two sensorimotor functions including a ‘timed up-and-go’ test and a 3-min distance walking test. The institutionalized participants undertook an exercise training program lasting 12 weeks. Results: No significant changes were observed in thigh circumference, body weight, or percentage of body fat in either gender as a result of the exercise training. An improvement in muscle strength was noticed in 82% of the relatively younger group (79–83 years of age) under a slow voluntary contraction at 60°/s (p < 0.05). Post-training results showed a significant improvement in performance in the two sensorimotor tests (p < 0.05). The correlation coefficients between muscle strength and functional ability were weak: r = 0.60 and r = 0.57 for males and females, respectively. Conclusions: This study confirmed the positive effects of an exercise program on functional performance in older adults. The improvement in functional abilities did not correlate with muscle strength, body weight, or body fat.

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Healthy Young and Old Women Differ in Their Trunk Elevation and Hip Pivot Motions When Rising from Supine to Sitting

Cited by 26 publications

References 23 publications

A cross-sectional study of sarcopenia in Japanese men and women: reference values and association with cardiovascular risk factors

A cross-sectional study of sarcopenia in Japanese men and women: reference values and association with cardiovascular risk factors

Relationship between Movement Patterns and Physical Fitness Elements during Rising from the Supine to Sitting Position in Community-Dwelling Elderly Persons

Muscle Strength and Mass of Lower Extremities in Relation to Functional Abilities in Elderly Adults

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