HEAR: Approach for Heartbeat Monitoring with Body Movement Compensation by IR-UWB Radar

Abstract

Further applications of impulse radio ultra-wideband radar in mobile health are hindered by the difficulty in extracting such vital signals as heartbeats from moving targets. Although the empirical mode decomposition based method is applied in recovering waveforms of heartbeats and estimating heart rates, the instantaneous heart rate is not achievable. This paper proposes a Heartbeat Estimation And Recovery (HEAR) approach to expand the application to mobile scenarios and extract instantaneous heartbeats. Firstly, the HEAR approach acquires vital signals by mapping maximum echo amplitudes to the fast time delay and compensating large body movements. Secondly, HEAR adopts the variational nonlinear chirp mode decomposition in extracting instantaneous frequencies of heartbeats. Thirdly, HEAR extends the clutter removal method based on the wavelet decomposition with a two-parameter exponential threshold. Compared to heart rates simultaneously collected by electrocardiograms (ECG), HEAR achieves a minimum error rate 4.6% in moving state and 2.25% in resting state. The Bland–Altman analysis verifies the consistency of beat-to-beat intervals in ECG and extracted heartbeat signals with the mean deviation smaller than 0.1 s. It indicates that HEAR is practical in offering clinical diagnoses such as the heart rate variability analysis in mobile monitoring.

An Overview of Signal Processing Techniques for Remote Health Monitoring Using Impulse Radio UWB Transceiver

“…First the signal was decomposed by EMD into Intrinsic Mode Functions (IMFs) to preserve any local property in the time domain, and then the Hilbert transform was used for finding the instantaneous frequency when the subject is nonstationary. Yin et al [80] have proposed a new algorithm for body movement compensation by IR-UWB radar. The results were verified by Bland-Altman analysis with a mean deviation smaller than 0.1 s. Large body movements were estimated by adopting a distance estimation method using a Kalman Filter and the k-Nearest Neighbor technique.…”

Preclinical Evaluation of a Noncontact Simultaneous Monitoring Method for Respiration and Carotid Pulsation Using Impulse-Radio Ultra-Wideband Radar

“…reported the possibility of detecting myocardial motion using UWB radar during breath-holding 10 , many researchers have introduced various measurement methods and data processing algorithms for noncontact vital sign monitoring using UWB radar. Recent studies have shown the possibilities of measuring the heart rate (HR) using radar in subjects during respiration 11,12 , in moving subjects 13 and in subjects behind a wall 14 . Shi et al .…”

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