Hearing impairment and missing cognitive test scores in a population‐based study of older adults: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities neurocognitive study

Deal, Jennifer A.; Gross, Alden L.; Sharrett, A. Richey; Abraham, Alison G.; Coresh, Josef; Griswold, Michael; Mosley, Thomas H.; Power, Melinda C.; Ramulu, Pradeep Y.; Reed, Nicholas; Lin, Frank R.; Swenor, Bonnielin K.

doi:10.1002/alz.12339

Cited by 14 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…For example, in a study of cognitive performance in patients with chronic kidney disease, nearly half of the original sample was excluded by investigators due to “visual, motivational, or motor difficulties.” 7 Alternatively, if there is a causal relationship between sensory impairment and ADRD, exclusion of participants with sensory impairment could have the opposite effect, resulting in an underestimation of the prevalence of ADRD and cognitive impairment. In support of this possibility, we recently found that older adults with hearing loss in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study were less likely to complete cognitive testing than older adults without hearing loss, and that this missing data resulted in an underestimation of the hearing loss–cognitive performance relationship by ≈30% 8 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…In support of this possibility, we recently found that older adults with hearing loss in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study were less likely to complete cognitive testing than older adults without hearing loss, and that this missing data resulted in an underestimation of the hearing loss-cognitive performance relationship by ≈30%. 8 Discriminating between the contributions of sensory impairment to testing bias and the contributions of true cognitive impairment will allow us to better target and remediate modifiable pathways. Despite the importance of this distinction, few studies have carefully considered the potential impact of sensory impairment on cognitive testing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessment of hearing and vision impairment in cohort studies collecting cognitive data in older adults

Liu

Nagarajan

Assi

et al. 2022

Alzheimer's & Dementia

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Introduction: There are no standard practices for considering sensory impairment in studies measuring cognitive function among older adults. Exclusion of participants with impairments may inaccurately estimate the prevalence of cognitive impairment and dementia. Methods:We surveyed prospective cohort studies measuring cognitive function in older adults, determined the proportion that excluded participants based on sensory impairment and the proportion that assessed each type of sensory impairment, and described the methods of sensory assessment.Results: Investigators/staff from 85 (of 192 cohorts) responded; 6 (7%) excluded participants with severe impairment; 80 (94%) measured hearing and/or vision impairment, while 5 (6%) measured neither. Thirty-two (38%) cohorts assessed hearing objectively and 45 (53%) assessed vision objectively.Discussion: Findings indicate variation in methods used to assess sensory impairment, with potential implications for resource allocation. To ensure equitable inclusion of study participants, consensus is needed on best practices standardized protocols for assessment and accommodations of sensory impairment.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of hearing and vision impairment in cohort studies collecting cognitive data in older adults

Liu

Nagarajan

Assi

et al. 2022

Alzheimer's & Dementia

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“…Experimental evidence shows that noise may cause an increase in stress hormone release and in circulating angiotensin II (Ang II) levels with significant stress-induced increase in blood pressure (36). The effects of noise exposure on cognitive function (18), mental health (40) and spiritual wellbeing (41) may also play an important role in the process of occupational noise exposure affecting cardiovascular health. Surprisingly, we found that protective measures such as wearing ear muffs and earplugs could not reduce the risk of hypertension in workers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With the development of modern industrialization, occupational noise exposure related to occupational injury has gradually attracted public attention. It has long been established that occupational noise exposure may induce adverse auditory health effects (14)(15)(16)) and non-auditory health effects (17)(18)(19)(20), while the effect of occupational noise exposure on hypertension has been controversial. Existing studies report conflicting results on it (21-23).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between occupational noise exposure and hypertension: Cross-sectional evidence from real-world

Zhang

Chen

et al. 2022

Front. Public Health

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BackgroundOccupational noise is one of the most common and prevalent occupational hazards worldwide and may induce adverse auditory and/or non-auditory health effects. However, the relationship between occupational noise exposure and hypertension is controversial and has long been debated.MethodsBased on large sample cross-sectional data from all registered occupational health examination units from 2021 to 2022 (N = 101,605), this study aimed to analyze the prevalence of hearing loss and hypertension and to explore the influencing factors of hypertension of workers in Wuhan. Descriptive statistics, univariate analyses and multivariate analyses were used. Forest plot and nomograms were constructed for the visualization of predictive results. The ROC curve, AUC, C-index and calibration curves were used to assess the predictive accuracy and validity. DCA was performed to evaluate the net benefit that workers could receive.ResultsHigher rate of high-frequency hearing loss (25.3%), speech frequency hearing loss (8.8%), ECG abnormalities (31.9%) and hypertension (21.0%) were found in workers exposed to occupational noise in Wuhan. Occupational noise exposure (OR = 1.09, 95% CI: 1.01–1.18, p = 0.04), growth of age (OR: 1.07, 95% CI: 1.07–1.07, p < 0.001), overweight (OR: 1.82, 95% CI: 1.73–1.92, p < 0.001), obesity (OR: 3.62, 95% CI: 3.42–3.83, p < 0.001), hyperglycemia (OR: 1.84, 95% CI: 1.73–1.96, p < 0.001), hypercholesterolemia (OR = 1.34; 95% CI 1.22–1.48; p < 0.001), ECG abnormalities (OR = 1.11; 95% CI 1.07–1.15; p < 0.001) and family history of hypertension (OR = 1.69; 95% CI 1.58–1.81; p < 0.001) were risk factors of hypertension for workers. Male workers had a relatively higher hypertension risk than female workers (OR = 1.61; 95% CI 1.54–1.69; p < 0.001). Ear protective measures could not reduce the risk of hypertension in workers. Our nomogram has good predictive accuracy and validity. A dynamic nomogram to predict the workers' risk of hypertension was established publicly available online.ConclusionOccupational noise exposure may elevate workers' hypertension risk. More effective and relevant prevention measures should be taken. Our nomogram may help identify high-risk workers and facilitate timely interventions.

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“…The prevalence of ARHL increased with age, particularly after the mid-50s. Approximately 40% of individuals aged 65 or older have impaired hearing ( Patel and McKinnon, 2018 ), which can substantially contribute to depression, social isolation, and a high risk of dementia ( Loughrey et al, 2018 ; Deal et al, 2021 ). The pathophysiological mechanisms involved in ARHL include oxidative stress, excitotoxicity, inflammation, and ischemia, resulting in age-related changes in specific locations within the cochlea (auditory hair cells, stria vascularis, spiral ganglion neurons, and supporting cells) ( Pool and Meagher, 1990 ; Mazelova et al, 2003 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prediction of the Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Erlong Zuoci Treatment of Age-Related Hearing Loss via Network Pharmacology-Based Analyses Combined with Experimental Validation

Qing

Yang

et al. 2021

Front. Pharmacol.

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Background: The traditional Chinese medicine formula ErLong ZuoCi (ELZC) has been extensively used to treat age-related hearing loss (ARHL) in clinical practice in China for centuries. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms are still poorly understood.Objective: Combine network pharmacology with experimental validation to explore the potential molecular mechanisms underlying ELZC with a systematic viewpoint.Methods: The chemical components of ELZC were collected from the Traditional Chinese Medicine System Pharmacology database, and their possible target proteins were predicted using the SwissTargetPrediction database. The putative ARHL-related target proteins were identified from the database: GeneCards and OMIM. We constructed the drug-target network as well as drug-disease specific protein-protein interaction networks and performed clustering and topological property analyses. Functional annotation and signaling pathways were performed by gene ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analysis. Finally, in vitro experiments were also performed to validate ELZC’s key target proteins and treatment effects on ARHL.Results: In total, 63 chemical compounds from ELZC and 365 putative ARHL-related targets were identified, and 1860 ARHL-related targets were collected from the OMIM and GeneCards. A total of 145 shared targets of ELZC and ARHL were acquired by Venn diagram analysis. Functional enrichment analysis suggested that ELZC might exert its pharmacological effects in multiple biological processes, such as cell proliferation, apoptosis, inflammatory response, and synaptic connections, and the potential targets might be associated with AKT, ERK, and STAT3, as well as other proteins. In vitro experiments revealed that ELZC pretreatment could decrease senescence-associated β-galactosidase activity in hydrogen peroxide-induced auditory hair cells, eliminate DNA damage, and reduce cellular senescence protein p21 and p53. Finally, Western blot analysis confirmed that ELZC could upregulate the predicted target ERK phosphorylation.Conclusion: We provide an integrative network pharmacology approach, in combination with in vitro experiments to explore the underlying molecular mechanisms governing ELZC treatment of ARHL. The protective effects of ELZC against ARHL were predicted to be associated with cellular senescence, inflammatory response, and synaptic connections which might be linked to various pathways such as JNK/STAT3 and ERK cascade signaling pathways. As a prosperous possibility, our experimental data suggest phosphorylation ERK is essential for ELZC to prevent degeneration of cochlear.

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Hearing impairment and missing cognitive test scores in a population‐based study of older adults: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities neurocognitive study

Cited by 14 publications

References 29 publications

Assessment of hearing and vision impairment in cohort studies collecting cognitive data in older adults

Assessment of hearing and vision impairment in cohort studies collecting cognitive data in older adults

Relationship between occupational noise exposure and hypertension: Cross-sectional evidence from real-world

Prediction of the Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Erlong Zuoci Treatment of Age-Related Hearing Loss via Network Pharmacology-Based Analyses Combined with Experimental Validation

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