Hearing without seeing: gravitational waves from hot and cold hidden sectors

Fairbairn, Malcolm; Hardy, Edward; Wickens, Alastair

doi:10.1007/jhep07(2019)044

Cited by 84 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 103 publications

(253 reference statements)

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“…This can also be inferred analytically from Eqs. (41) and (42) from where it is obvious that the sound wave contribution decreases more strongly at larger frequencies. Namely, for the contribution from sound waves (magnetohydrodynamic turbulence) we have Ω sw h 2 ∝ f −4 (Ω turb h 2 ∝ f −5/3 ) in the limit f → ∞.…”

Section: Gravitational Wave Signaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Gravitational waves as a probe of left-right symmetry breaking

Brdar

Gráf

Helmboldt

et al. 2019

J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys.

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Left-right symmetry at high energy scales is a well-motivated extension of the Standard Model. In this paper we consider a typical minimal scenario in which it gets spontaneously broken by scalar triplets. Such a realization has been scrutinized over the past few decades chiefly in the context of collider studies. In this work we take a complementary approach and investigate whether the model can be probed via the search for a stochastic gravitational wave background induced by the phase transition in which SU (3) C × SU (2) L × SU (2) R × U (1) B−L is broken down to the Standard Model gauge symmetry group. A prerequisite for gravitational wave production in this context is a first-order phase transition, the occurrence of which we find in a significant portion of the parameter space. Although the produced gravitational waves are typically too weak for a discovery at any current or future detector, upon investigating correlations between all relevant terms in the scalar potential, we have identified values of parameters leading to observable signals. This indicates that, given a certain moderate fine-tuning, the minimal left-right symmetric model with scalar triplets features another powerful probe which can lead to either novel constraints or remarkable discoveries in the near future. Let us note that some of our results, such as the full set of thermal masses, have to the best of our knowledge not been presented before and might be useful for future studies, in particular in the context of electroweak baryogenesis.

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Section: Gravitational Wave Signaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Gravitational waves as a probe of left-right symmetry breaking

Brdar

Gráf

Helmboldt

et al. 2019

J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys.

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show abstract

“…A detailed discussion of concrete realizations yielding a temperature ratio between the two sectors as well as the allowed coupling values that preserve it until the phase transition is given in Ref. [73]. Finally, because of the strong N eff constraint, any ultraviolet-complete model with non-trivial dynamics at the MeV scale should reduce to one of a small number of effective low energy models.…”

Section: Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dark, cold, and noisy: constraining secluded hidden sectors with gravitational waves

Breitbach

Kopp

Madge

et al. 2019

J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys.

202

191

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We explore gravitational wave signals arising from first-order phase transitions occurring in a secluded hidden sector, allowing for the possibility that the hidden sector may have a different temperature than the Standard Model sector. We present the sensitivity to such scenarios for both current and future gravitational wave detectors in a model-independent fashion. Since secluded hidden sectors are of particular interest for dark matter models at the MeV scale or below, we pay special attention to the reach of pulsar timing arrays. Cosmological constraints on light degrees of freedom restrict the number of sub-MeV particles in a hidden sector, as well as the hidden sector temperature. Nevertheless, we find that observable first-order phase transitions can occur. To illustrate our results, we consider two minimal benchmark models: a model with two gauge singlet scalars and a model with a spontaneously broken U (1) gauge symmetry in the hidden sector. CONTENTS

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“…They imply that the dark sector cannot be in thermal equilibrium with the visible sector. In particular, the dark sector temperature T has to be smaller than T V , the visible sector one [41,42]. As a result, non-gravitational couplings among the two sectors have to be absent or extremely small.…”

Section: Dark Glueballsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dark holograms and gravitational waves

Bigazzi

Caddeo

Cotrone

et al. 2021

J. High Energ. Phys.

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Spectra of stochastic gravitational waves (GW) generated in cosmological first-order phase transitions are computed within strongly correlated theories with a dual holographic description. The theories are mostly used as models of dark sectors. In particular, we consider the so-called Witten-Sakai-Sugimoto model, a SU(N) gauge theory coupled to different matter fields in both the fundamental and the adjoint representations. The model has a well-known top-down holographic dual description which allows us to perform reliable calculations in the strongly coupled regime. We consider the GW spectra from bubble collisions and sound waves arising from two different kinds of first-order phase transitions: a confinement/deconfinement one and a chiral symmetry breaking/restoration one. Depending on the model parameters, we find that the GW spectra may fall within the sensibility region of ground-based and space-based interferometers, as well as of Pulsar Timing Arrays. In the latter case, the signal could be compatible with the recent potential observation by NANOGrav. When the two phase transitions happen at different critical temperatures, characteristic spectra with double frequency peaks show up. Moreover, in this case we explicitly show how to correct the redshift factors appearing in the formulae for the GW power spectra to account for the fact that adiabatic expansion from the first transition to the present times cannot be assumed anymore.

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Hearing without seeing: gravitational waves from hot and cold hidden sectors

Cited by 84 publications

References 103 publications

Gravitational waves as a probe of left-right symmetry breaking

Gravitational waves as a probe of left-right symmetry breaking

Dark, cold, and noisy: constraining secluded hidden sectors with gravitational waves

Dark holograms and gravitational waves

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