“…Impaired heart function can affect the brain causing cognitive impairment, anxiety, and depression, which in turn can contribute to further worsening of HF (Rigueira et al, 2021). Impaired cognitive function in HF has a very high prevalence of 25%-75% (Lee, Qian, Liu, Graham, Mann, Nakanishi, Teerlink, Lip, Freudenberger, Sacco, Mohr, Labovitz, Ponikowski, Lok, Matsumoto, Estol, Anker, Pullicino, Buchsbaum, & Di Tullio, 2019;Rigueira et al, 2021). Studies in Indonesia found that the prevalence of cognitive function impairment in HF tends to be higher than globally, namely 50.7%-95% (Arifin & Fitri, 2021;Birowo, Lastri, Makmun, & Prihartono, 2010;Saputra, Adnyana, Laksmidewi, Gelgel, & Widyadharma, 2020).…”