Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics—2008 Update

Rosamond, Wayne D.; Flegal, Katherine M.; Furie, Karen L.; Go, Alan S.; Greenlund, Kurt J.; Haase, Nancy; Hailpern, Susan M.; Ho, Michael; Howard, Virginia J.; Kissela, Brett M.; Kittner, Steven J.; Lloyd‐Jones, Donald M.; McDermott, Mary M.; Meigs, James B.; Moy, Claudia S.; Nichol, Graham; O’Donnell, Christopher J; Roger, Véronique L.; Sorlie, Paul D.; Steinberger, Julia; Thom, Thomas; Wilson, Matt; Hong, Yuling

doi:10.1161/circulationaha.107.187998

Cited by 2,672 publications

(1,158 citation statements)

References 319 publications

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“…Our findings also suggest that regardless of HF status, there was a higher rate of complications in women that had not only led to poorer survival but also had implications on their quality of life. There is therefore an urgent need for improved recognition of the sex differences in HF presentation30 and research to inform tailored perioperative management and follow‐up.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and Long‐Term Survival After Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting in Women and Men With Heart Failure and Preserved Versus Reduced Ejection Fraction

Sun

Eddeen

2018

JAHA

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BackgroundHeart failure (HF) with reduced ejection fraction (rEF) is a widely regarded prognosticator after coronary artery bypass grafting. HF with preserved ejection fraction (pEF) accounts for up to half of all HF cases and is associated with considerable morbidity and mortality in hospitalized cohorts. However, HFpEF outcomes have not been elucidated in cardiac surgical patients. We investigated the prevalence and outcomes of HFpEF and HFrEF in women and men following coronary artery bypass grafting.Methods and ResultsWe conducted a retrospective cohort study in Ontario, Canada, between October 1, 2008, and March 31, 2015, using Cardiac Care Network and Canadian Institute of Health Information data. HF is captured through a validated population‐based database of all Ontarians with physician‐diagnosed HF. We defined pEF as ejection fraction ≥50% and rEF as ejection fraction <50%. The primary outcome was all‐cause mortality. Analyses were stratified by sex. Mortality rates were calculated using Kaplan–Meier method. The relative hazard of death was assessed using multivariable Cox proportional hazard models. Of 40 083 patients (20.6% women), 55.5% had pEF without HF, 25.7% had rEF without HF, 6.9% had HFpEF, and 12.0% had HFrEF. Age‐standardized HFpEF mortality rates at 4±2 years of follow‐up were similar in women and men. HFrEF standardized HFpEF mortality rates were higher in women than men.ConclusionsWe found a higher prevalence and poorer prognosis of HFpEF in women. A history of HF was a more important prognosticator than ejection fraction. Preoperative screening and extended postoperative follow‐up should be focused on women and men with HF rather than on rEF alone.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and Long‐Term Survival After Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting in Women and Men With Heart Failure and Preserved Versus Reduced Ejection Fraction

Sun

Eddeen

2018

JAHA

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“…Despite the doubts about the validity of data collected from this source, “the statistical update is valuable resource for researchers, clinicians, healthcare policy makers” (Rosamond et al. 2008). As regards the availability and usefulness of this data source, the weak point is that part of stroke patients die at home and their diagnosis is not confirmed by routine radiological examination.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Twenty years trends in mortality rates from stroke in Klaipeda

et al. 2016

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BackgroundDuring the past decades, mortality from stroke decreased in many western European countries; however, changes concerning long‐term stroke mortality in eastern European countries are less evident.ObjectiveTo assess age‐ and gender‐specific trends in stroke mortality in Klaipeda (Lithuania) from 1994 to 2013.DesignDescriptive epidemiological study.Setting/subjectsPermanent population of Klaipeda.MethodsData on 2509 permanent residents of Klaipeda aged 35–79 years who died from stroke between 1994 and 2013 were gathered. Directly, age‐standardized (European population) stroke mortality rates were analyzed using joinpoint regression separately for specific age groups (35–64, 65–79, and 35–79 years) and by gender. Annual percentage change (APC) and 95% CIs were presented.ResultsStroke mortality in the 35‐ to 79‐year‐old age group peaked in 1994–1997, it then decreased by −9.9% (95% CI: −18.7, −0.2) yearly up until 2001 and leveled off by −0.2% (−5.1, 4.9) between 2001 and 2013. Among men aged 35–64 years, mortality decreased substantially by 12.8% (−21.5, −3.3) per year from 1994 to 2001 and turned positive by 6.3% (0.8, 12.1) between 2000 and 2013. Among women aged 35–64 years, mortality decreased significantly by 15.5% (−28.1, −0.7) from 1994 to 2000. There was evidence of recent plateauing of trends for 35‐ to 64‐year‐old women between 2000 and 2013. In the 65‐ to 79‐year‐old age group, mortality decreased from 1994 onward yearly by −5.5% (−7.9, −3.0) in women and by −3.3% (−5.6, −0.9) in men.ConclusionsJoinpoint regression revealed steadily decreasing trend in stroke mortality between 1994 and 2001. The decline in death rates flattened out in the recent decade. Mortality rates varied among age groups and were more pronounced in adults aged 35–64 years. It is essential to monitor and manage stroke risk factors, especially among middle‐aged population.

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“…The prevalence of HF in the HRS sample is also consistent with national rates of HF documented for this age group (Figure S1). 1, 22, 23 The analyses were limited to respondents who reported an incident diagnosis during the 16‐year observation period (n=3603). We excluded 79 adults who identified their race/ethnicity other than white, black, or Hispanic and omitted an additional 380 adults who received a diagnosis before 1998.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Racial and Ethnic Differences in Trajectories of Hospitalization in US Men and Women With Heart Failure

Dupre

et al. 2017

JAHA

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BackgroundPrior studies have documented racial and ethnic disparities in hospitalization among patients with heart failure (HF). However, racial/ethnic differences in trajectories of hospitalization following the diagnosis of HF have not been well characterized. This study examined racial/ethnic differences in individual‐level trajectories of hospitalization in older adults with diagnosed HF.Methods and ResultsData from a nationally representative prospective cohort of US men and women aged 45 years and older were used to examine the number of hospitalizations reported every 24 months. Participants who were non‐Hispanic white, non‐Hispanic black, and Hispanic with a reported diagnosis of HF (n=3011) were followed from 1998 to 2014. Results showed a quadratic change in the number of reported hospitalizations following HF diagnosis, with an average of 2.36 (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.19–2.53; P<0.001) hospitalizations within 24 months that decreased by 0.35 (95% CI, −0.45 to −0.25; P<0.001) every 24 months and subsequently increased by 0.03 (95% CI, 0.02–0.05; P<0.001) thereafter. In men, there were no racial/ethnic differences in hospitalizations reported at the time of diagnosis; however, Hispanic men had significant declines in hospitalizations after diagnosis (Hispanic×time=−0.52; 95% CI, −0.99 to −0.05 [P=0.031]) followed by a sizeable increase in hospitalizations at later stages of disease (Hispanic×time2=0.06; 95% CI, 0.00–0.12 [P=0.047]). In women, hospitalizations were consistently high following their diagnosis and black women had significantly more hospitalizations throughout follow‐up than white women (black=0.28; 95% CI, 0.00–0.55 [P=0.048]). Racial/ethnic disparities varied by geography and the differences remained significant after adjusting for multiple sociodemographic, psychosocial, behavioral, and physiological factors.ConclusionsThere were significant racial/ethnic differences in trajectories of hospitalization following the diagnosis of HF in US men and women. Racial/ethnic disparities varied by place of residence and the differences persisted after adjustment for multiple risk factors. The findings have important implications that may be crucial to planning the immediate and long‐term delivery of care in patients with HF to reduce potentially preventable hospitalizations.

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Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics—2008 Update

Cited by 2,672 publications

References 319 publications

Prevalence and Long‐Term Survival After Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting in Women and Men With Heart Failure and Preserved Versus Reduced Ejection Fraction

Prevalence and Long‐Term Survival After Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting in Women and Men With Heart Failure and Preserved Versus Reduced Ejection Fraction

Twenty years trends in mortality rates from stroke in Klaipeda

Racial and Ethnic Differences in Trajectories of Hospitalization in US Men and Women With Heart Failure

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