Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics—2013 Update

Go, Alan S.; Mozaffarian, Dariush; Roger, Véronique L.; Benjamin, Emelia J.; Berry, Jarett D.; Borden, William B.; Bravata, Dawn M.; Dai, Shifan; Ford, Earl S.; Fox, Caroline S.; Franco, Sheila; Fullerton, Heather J.; Gillespie, Cathleen; Hailpern, Susan M.; Heit, John A.; Howard, Virginia J.; Huffman, Mark D.; Kissela, Brett M.; Kittner, Steven J.; Lackland, Daniel T.; Lichtman, Judith H.; Lisabeth, Lynda D.; Magid, David J.; Marcus, Gregory M.; Marelli, Ariane J.; Matchar, David B.; McGuire, Darren K.; Mohler, Emile R.; Moy, Claudia S.; Mussolino, Michael E.; Nichol, Graham; Paynter, Nina P.; Schreiner, Pamela J.; Sorlie, Paul D.; Stein, Joel; Turan, Tanya N.; Virani, Salim S.; Wong, Nathan D.; Woo, Daniel; Turner, Melanie B.

doi:10.1161/cir.0b013e31828124ad

Cited by 4,199 publications

(2,569 citation statements)

References 1,159 publications

(733 reference statements)

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“…Among cardiovascular diseases in older people, heart failure (HF) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Importantly, people over 65 years of age constitute >80% of patients with HF and the incidence of HF is 10 per 1000 in people aged >65 years of age (Go et al ., 2013). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathophysiology of heart failure and frailty: a common inflammatory origin?

et al. 2017

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SummaryFrailty, a clinical syndrome that typically occurs in older adults, implies a reduced ability to tolerate biological stressors. Frailty accompanies many age‐related diseases but can also occur without overt evidence of end‐organ disease. The condition is associated with circulating inflammatory cytokines and sarcopenia, features that are shared with heart failure (HF). However, the biological underpinnings of frailty remain unclear and the interaction with HF is complex. Here, we describe the inflammatory pathophysiology that is associated with frailty and speculate that the inflammation that occurs with frailty shares common origins with HF. We discuss the limitations in investigating the pathophysiology of frailty due to few relevant experimental models. Leveraging current therapies for advanced HF and current known therapies to address frailty in humans may enable translational studies to better understand the inflammatory interactions between frailty and HF.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathophysiology of heart failure and frailty: a common inflammatory origin?

et al. 2017

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“…Heart failure (HF) is a growing major public health problem that is also associated with increased inflammation and a high prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors 10, 11, 12. The proinflammatory cytokines involved in HF promote myocardial damage and other pathogenic manifestations through an array of mechanisms, including, for example, increased arterial stiffness and endothelial dysfunction 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incident Heart Failure in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Nationwide Cohort Study

Khalid

Egeberg

Ahlehoff

et al. 2018

JAHA

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BackgroundRheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease associated with a wide range of comorbidities, including cardiovascular disease, but its association with heart failure (HF) is not fully clear. We investigated the risk of incident HF in a nationwide cohort of patients with RA.Methods and ResultsThe study comprised the entire Danish population aged ≥18 years followed from January 1, 2008 until first hospitalization for HF, emigration, December 31, 2012, or death. Information on comorbidity, medication, and socioeconomic status was identified by individual‐level linkage of administrative registers. Patients with a rheumatologist diagnosis of RA between 1978 and 2008 were included. The primary study outcome was incident HF defined as first hospital admission for HF. Incidence rates of HF per 1000 person‐years were calculated and incidence rate ratios adjusted for age, sex, calendar year, comorbidity, medications, socioeconomic status, smoking, and alcohol consumption were estimated. A total of 4 305 225 subjects with no history of HF were eligible for analysis at the study start. Of these subjects, 24 343 developed RA and 50 623 were hospitalized for HF. Overall incidence rates of incident HF were 2.43 and 6.64 for the reference population (n=49 879) and patients with RA (n=744), respectively. Correspondingly, the fully adjusted incidence rate ratio for incident HF was increased in patients with RA with incidence rate ratio 1.30 (95% confidence interval, 1.17–1.45).ConclusionsIn this cohort study, RA was associated with an increased hospitalization for HF. These findings add significantly to the existing evidence of RA as a clinically relevant risk factor for HF.

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“…A study in the United States showed that the incidence of stroke recurrence was 185,000 in 795,000 cases (23.3% per year; Go et al., 2013). Another study obtained data from the Swedish Stroke Register between 1998 and 2009 reported that 11.3% of 196 765 patients with ischemic stroke had a recurrent ischemic stroke within 1 year (Bergström et al., 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Urinary Kallidinogenase decreases recurrence risk and promotes good recovery

Han

Chen

Li³

et al. 2018

Brain and Behavior

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ObjectivesTo evaluate the efficacy of Human Urinary Kallidinogenase (HUK) for secondary stroke prevention in the treatment of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients.Materials and MethodsIn this retrospective study, from October 2016 to June 2017, 300 consecutive AIS patients were registered in our database. Among them, 145 patients received HUK treatment (HUK group), and 155 patients received basic treatment (control group). Basic treatment was administrated on all patients. 0.15 PNA unit of HUK injection plus 100 ml saline in intravenous infusion was performed in the HUK group, with once a day for 14 consecutive days. The rate of recurrent stroke and modified Rankin Scale (mRS) scores in two groups were analyzed 12 months after the treatment.ResultsNo difference was found in the age, gender, comorbidities, smoking history, and NIHSS scores between two groups before treatment (p > 0.05). 12 months after treatment, 10 patients in the HUK group (10.3%) and 26 patients in the control group (16.8%) got stroke recurrence at 12 months (p = 0.009). The mRS score of HUK group was significantly lower than that in the control group (2.3 ± 1.2 vs. 3.5 ± 1.4, p = 0.011).ConclusionHuman Urinary Kallidinogenase is able to reduce the risk of stroke recurrence and promote good recovery for AIS patients within 12 months.

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Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics—2013 Update

Cited by 4,199 publications

References 1,159 publications

Pathophysiology of heart failure and frailty: a common inflammatory origin?

Pathophysiology of heart failure and frailty: a common inflammatory origin?

Incident Heart Failure in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Nationwide Cohort Study

Human Urinary Kallidinogenase decreases recurrence risk and promotes good recovery

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