Heart Failure: Is There an Ideal Biomarker?

Abstract

An always-rising prevalence of heart failure (HF), formerly classified as an emerging epidemic in 1997 and still representing a serious problem of public health, imposes on us to examine more in-depth the pathophysiological mechanisms it is based on. Over the last few years, several biomarkers have been chosen and used in the management of patients affected by HF. The research about biomarkers has broadened our knowledge by identifying some underlying pathophysiological mechanisms occurring in patients with both acute and chronic HF. This review aims to provide an overview of the role of biomarkers previously identified as responsible for the pathophysiological mechanisms subtending the disease and other emerging ones to conduct the treatment and identify possible prognostic implications that may allow the optimization of the therapy and/or influence a closer follow-up. Taking the high prevalence of HF-associated comorbidities into account, an integrated approach using various biomarkers has shown promising results in predicting mortality, a preferable risk stratification, and the decrease of rehospitalizations, reducing health care costs as well.

Multimarkers approach in chest pain management in Emergency department: a focus on the prognostic role of sST2 and suPAR

“…The study revealed that higher sST2 concentrations are strongly correlated with adverse outcomes. 31,32 A systematic review and meta-analysis by Ip et al demonstrated that elevated levels of sST2 are a predictor of severe chronic HF and tend to be associated with a higher risk of mortality in chronic HF and stable CAD. 29 A prospective study by Rezar et al also suggests measuring serum sST2 levels 24 h after admission for prognostication after cardiopulmonary resuscitation.…”