Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: A clustering approach to a heterogenous syndrome

Identification of distinct phenotypic clusters in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction

“…The current analysis has clustered the largest HFpEF population to date. Our analysis was conducted in a real‐world registry population, compared other studies which were trials, 10 , 11 , 13 traditional cohorts 12 , 14 and a small electronic health record study. 9 In online supplementary Table S5 , we show the differences and similarities between clustering studies.…”

“…Overall, the clusters that we found were similar to those in previous studies. 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 We identified five main HFpEF phenotypes in all studies combined. These phenotypes correspond to the clusters we describe in our study.…”

“… 9 , 10 Previous studies were conducted in smaller and selected HFpEF populations or included many characteristics that are often unavailable clinically or in commonly used registries. 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 …”

“…Possible effective HFpEF therapy could thus be determined by the identification of distinct HFpEF patient clusters 9,10 . Previous studies were conducted in smaller and selected HFpEF populations or included many characteristics that are often unavailable clinically or in commonly used registries 9–14 …”

Diagnostic recommendations and phenotyping for heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: knowing more and understanding less?

“…We have identified at least 14 reports of machine learning used to investigate patients with HFpEF. [23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40] They show Figure 1 Known risk factors for heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) are listed in the box on the left, in their order in the European Society of Cardiology consensus recommendations. 11 The Venn diagram in the middle box shows which broad types of variables were used as input to the machine learning studies [23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40] that are summarised in Table 3.…”