Heart Rate after Cardiac Transplantation

Beck, Walter; Barnard, Christiaan N.; Schrire, V.

doi:10.1161/01.cir.40.4.437

Cited by 74 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Although it long has been recognized that heart failure patients have rapid heart rates, we are aware of only two other studies (from one group [5,22]) which document in heart failure patients reduced heart rate variability. In some of the patients we studied, standard deviations were almost as low as those found in heart transplant patients (5,23,24), whose donor sinus nodes are denervated. Two patients had baseline R-R interval standard deviations of 8 and 5 ms. Subnormal R-R interval shortening after parasympatholytic doses of atropine in heart failure patients (Figs.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 62%

Autonomic pathophysiology in heart failure patients. Sympathetic-cholinergic interrelations.

Porter¹,

Eckberg²,

Fritsch³

et al. 1990

J. Clin. Invest.

208

110

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We conducted this study in an effort to characterize and understand vagal abnormalities in heart failure patients whose sympathetic activity is known. We measured sympathetic (peroneal nerve muscle sympathetic recordings and antecubital vein plasma norepinephrine levels) and vagal (R-R intervals and their standard deviations) activities in eight heart failure patients and eight age-matched healthy volunteers, before and after parasympathomimetic and parasympatholytic intravenous doses of atropine sulfate. At rest, sympathetic and parasympathetic outflows were related reciprocally: heart failure patients had high sympathetic and low parasympathetic outflows, and healthy subjects had low sympathetic and high parasympathetic outflows. Low dose atropine, which is known to increase the activity of central vagal-cardiac motoneurons, significantly increased R-R intervals in healthy subjects, but did not alter R-R intervals in heart failure patients. Thus, our data document reciprocal supranormal sympathetic and subnormal parasympathetic outflows in heart failure patients and suggest that these abnormalities result in part from abnormalities within the central nervous system. (J. Clin. Invest. 1990.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 62%

Autonomic pathophysiology in heart failure patients. Sympathetic-cholinergic interrelations.

Porter¹,

Eckberg²,

Fritsch³

et al. 1990

J. Clin. Invest.

208

110

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“…Following surgical denervation associated with cardiac transplantation (Beck, Barnard & Schrire, 1969), heart rates were on average about 90-110 beats/min.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of cold, eating, efferent nerve stimulation and angiotensin on heart rate in sheep before and after autonomic blockade

Hays¹,

Webster²

1971

The Journal of Physiology

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SUMMARY1. Effects of the natural stimuli of cold exposure and feeding on heart rate were tested in conscious sheep in which blockade of the cardiac efferent nerves was achieved by administration of propranolol and atropine. Effects of direct nerve stimulation, isoproterenol and angiotensin on heart rate before and after autonomic blockade were studied in acute preparations anaesthetized with pentobarbitone sodium.2. Propranolol reduced the extent of cardioacceleration induced both by exposure to cold and by eating. Heart rate in propranolol treated animals exposed to cold did not exceed about 120 beats/min. During eating, heart rate in propranolol treated animals showed no upper limit and increased on occasions to over 170 beats/min.3. Heart rate in conscious sheep following administration of atropine and propranolol was about 110 beats/min; in anaesthetized sheep following vagal section and propranolol it was usually about 120 beats/min. This was taken as intrinsic heart rate.4. Angiotensin administered to normal anaesthetized sheep usually reduced heart rate. After vagal section and propranolol, angiotensin injection usually, and angiotensin infusion invariably, increased heart rate.5. It was concluded that there exists in sheep a mechanism which during eating elevates heart rate by a means other than through the parasympathetic and sympatho-adrenal systems. It is suggested that this mechanism involves a direct chronotropic effect of angiotensin secreted in association with eating.

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“…So findet sich nach der Implantation keine Frequenzbeschleunigung als Antwort auf intravenös verabreichtes Atropin oder auf ein ValsalvaManöver, was die Denervierung beweist [2]. Umgekehrt führt eine Karotissinusmassage nicht zur Dezeleration des Herzrhythmus.…”

Section: Herzfunktion Nach Transplantationunclassified

Sport nach Herztransplantation

Kamler

Herold

Aleksić

et al. 2004

Herz

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Heart transplantation has the potential to change a patient with a life-threatening illness into an active healthy person with a potentially excellent quality of life. Survival with excellent allograft function for 10 years is now common for the majority of patients. However, exercise performance remains impaired when compared to healthy subjects. Reasons include a decrease of maximal heart rate, cardiac output and oxygen uptake, which are present after heart transplantation. The role of these abnormalities may differ as a function of time after surgery. Possible reasons like cardiac denervation, diastolic dysfunction, and endothelial dysfunction are discussed in this article. Furthermore, exercise capacity may be diminished because of peripheral limitations associated with physical deconditioning, abnormal muscle structure and function or pharmacological side effects. Endurance and strength training may greatly improve muscle function and maximal aerobic performance as well as reduce side effects of immunosuppressive therapy. Exercise should be considered a valuable tool in the long-term treatment after heart transplantation.

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Heart Rate after Cardiac Transplantation

Cited by 74 publications

References 13 publications

Autonomic pathophysiology in heart failure patients. Sympathetic-cholinergic interrelations.

Autonomic pathophysiology in heart failure patients. Sympathetic-cholinergic interrelations.

Effects of cold, eating, efferent nerve stimulation and angiotensin on heart rate in sheep before and after autonomic blockade

Sport nach Herztransplantation

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