Heart Rate-Corrected Ankle-to-Arm Index in the Diagnosis of Moderate Lower Extremity Arterial Disease

Abstract

In screening for LEAD in the general population with the use of AAI at rest, the authors suggest that the heart rate at which arterial pressure measurements are performed should be reported.

Comparative study of the cardio-ankle vascular index and ankle–brachial index between young Japanese and Mongolian subjects

“…Interestingly, HR was correlated negatively with ABI in the Mongolian subjects, which is consistent with earlier findings. 17,18 In the Japanese subjects, the SBP was negatively correlated with ABI, which is also consistent with the earlier results. 19 Thus, although differences in the correlation pattern of CAVI and ABI with other atherosclerotic parameters between young Mongolian and Japanese subjects were identified, the reasons are unclear.…”

Heart rate significantly influences the relationship between atrial fibrillation and ankle-brachial index

“…In addition, some studies demonstrated that there was an inverse correlation between ABI and HR [15][16][17]. Abraham et al reported that in screening for PAOD in the general population with the use of ABI, the HR at which arterial pressure measurements were performed should be mentioned [16]. Our previous study also showed that ABI decreased significantly when HR was increased either by atrial or ventricular pacing in young and middle-aged patients without significant organic heart disease [17].…”

“…They suggested that decreased ABI following exercise was due to turbulence at high flow levels, rather than the shunting of blood to active muscles in exercise [24]. In addition, some studies demonstrated that there was an inverse correlation between ABI and HR [15][16][17]. Abraham et al reported that in screening for PAOD in the general population with the use of ABI, the HR at which arterial pressure measurements were performed should be mentioned [16].…”

Can we improve cardiovascular risk prediction beyond risk equations in the physician's office?

“…However, in this latter study, the predictive value of HR was significant even after adjustment for ABI. In one study [129], ABI was inversely correlated with HR in young healthy men, suggesting that the HR at which ABI is determined should be reported. However, there is no evidence whether the HR-corrected ABI would be a stronger risk predictor.…”