Heart Rate Variability as Early Biomarker for the Evaluation of Diabetes Mellitus Progress

Abstract

According to the American Diabetes Association (ADA), the side effects of diabetes mellitus have recently increased the global health expenditure each year. Of these, the early diagnostic can contribute to the decrease on renal, cardiovascular, and nervous systems complications. However, the diagnostic criteria, which are commonly used, do not suggest the diabetes progress in the patient. In this study, the streptozotocin model in mice (cDM) was used as early diagnostic criterion to reduce the side effects related to the illness. The results showed some clinical signs similarly to five-year diabetes progress without renal injury, neuropathies, and cardiac neuropathy autonomic in the cDM-model. On the other hand, the electrocardiogram was used to determine alterations in heart rate and heart rate variability (HRV), using the Poincaré plot to quantify the HRV decrease in the cDM-model. Additionally, the SD1/SD2 ratio and ventricular arrhythmias showed increase without side effects of diabetes. Therefore, the use of HRV as an early biomarker contributes to evaluating diabetes mellitus complications from the diagnostic.

Ultra‐short heart rate variability recording reliability: The effect of controlled paced breathing

“…Heart rate variability (HRV) is a commonly noninvasive autonomic biomarker used in clinical protocols (Beauchaine & Thayer, ; Task Force, ; Thayer & Lane, ; Thayer, Åhs, Fredrikson, Sollers, & Wager, ). The quantitative values obtained by R–R intervals analysis has reliability to distinguish patients with obesity (Iliescu, Tudorancea, Irwin, & Lohmeier, ; Yadavet al, ), diabetes (Arroyo‐Carmonaet al, ; Dimitropoulos, ), psychiatric disorders (Chalmers, Quintana, Abbott, & Kemp, ), and others specific situations (for a review see Thayer & Lane, ; Thayeret al, ;), when the impairment of vagal tone regulation is reported as a common biomarker for these clinical conditions (Laborde, Mosley, & Thayer, ; Thayer & Lane, ,). In order to obtain reliable data for the HRV quantitative analysis, it is recommended to carry out recordings with 5 min or longer, according to the research design (Labordeet al, ; Task Force, ).…”

Assessment of Heart Rate Variability during an Endurance Mountain Trail Race by Multi-Scale Entropy Analysis

“…Nevertheless, while HRV analysis is mainly associated with the prediction of sudden cardiac death [21,22] and with assessing cardiovascular [23] and metabolic illness [24] progression, recent observations have suggested it is also applicable to exercise and training [25]. During physical exercise, interactions occur between the cardiovascular system, the respiratory system, and the muscles.…”

Heart Rate Variability as Biomarker for Prognostic of Metabolic Disease

“…The quantification of biological variability has been used to study several physiological phenomena, among them, fluctuations on the heart rate using the RR interval period of the electrocardiogram (ECG). The heart rate variability (HRV) is a useful health indicator [3], and in this chapter we detail how this tool is used for the prognosis and diagnosis of metabolic diseases.…”