Heartwood and sapwood variation in Eucalyptus globulus Labill. trees at the end of rotation for pulp wood production

Morais, Maria Cristina; Pereira, Helena

doi:10.1051/forest:2007045

Cited by 35 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 19 publications

(45 reference statements)

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“…II). This result is in agreement with previous studies on Pinus pinaster (Knapic and Pereira, 2005), Pinus ridiata (Carrodus, 1972), Picea abies (Sellin, 1994), and Eucalyptus globules (Morais and Pereira, 2007).…”

Section: Sapwood Allometrysupporting

confidence: 83%

Allométrie du bois de cœur et de l’aubier pour sept espèces d’arbres tempérées chinoises

Wang

Zhang

et al. 2010

Ann. For. Sci.

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Abstract• Allometry of sapwood/heartwood is essential for understanding tree growth, water transport and carbon allocation, timber production and use, but such an allometry is lacking for Chinese temperate tree species.• We studied the allometry and development of heartwood and sapwood for seven Chinese temperate tree species: Korean pine (Pinus koraiensis Sieb. et Zucc), Dahurian larch (Larix gmelinii Rupr.), Japanese elm (Ulmus davidiana Planch var. japonica (Rehd.) Nakai), Manchurian ash (Fraxinus mandshurica Rupr.), Manchurian walnut (Juglans mandshurica Maxim.), Amur cork-tree (Phellodendron amurense Rupr.), and Mongolian oak (Quercus mongolica Fisch.).• All heartwood parameters investigated, including heartwood radius (HR), heartwood formation rate (HFR), heartwood ring number (HRN), heartwood initiation age (HIA), and heartwood volume ratio (HVR), were positively correlated with tree cambial age (CA). The HR, sapwood width (SW), sapwood area (SA), heartwood and sapwood volumes were significantly related to stem diameter at breast height (DBH) or xylem diameter. There was a polynomial relationship between the sapwood ring longevity (SRL) and sapwood ring number (SRN). However, most of the allometric relationships were species-dependent. The hardwood formation patterns were different between coniferous and broadleaved tree species. A power function was suitable to scale SA from DBH, but the exponent varied from 1.32 for the larch to 2.19 for the cork-tree.• Our allometry provided a practical means to assess wood development and related physiology for the temperate tree species. • L'allométrie de l'aubier/bois de coeur est essentielle pour comprendre la croissance de l'arbre, le transport de l'eau et l'allocation, la production et l'usage du bois, mais cette allométrie est manquante pour les espèces d'arbres chinoises de milieu tempéré. Mots• Nous avons étudié l'allométrie et le développement du bois de coeur et de l'aubier pour sept espèces d'arbres tempérées chinoises : le pin de Corée (Pinus koraiensis Sieb. et Zucc), le mélèze de Dahurie (Larix gmelinii Rupr.), l'orme du Japon (Ulmus davidiana Planch var. japonica (Rehd.) Nakai), le frêne de Mandchourie (Fraxinus mandshurica Rupr.), le noyer de Mandchourie (Juglans mandshurica Maxim.), le phellodendron de l'Amur (Phellodendron amurense Rupr.), et le chêne de Mongolie (Quercus mongolica Fisch.).• Les paramètres du bois de coeur étudiés sont le rayon (HR), le taux de formation (HFR), l'âge d'initiation (HIA) et le ratio du volume (HVR) : ils sont corrélés positivement à l'âge cambial (CA). Le rayon du bois de coeur (HR), la largeur d'aubier (SW), la surface d'aubier (SA), les volumes de bois de coeur et d'aubier sont significativement liés au diamètre à hauteur de poitrine (DBH). Il y a une relation polynomiale entre la durée de vie des cernes d'aubier (SRL) et le nombre de cernes (SRN). Cependant la plus part des relations allométriques dépendent des espèces. Le patron de formation du bois de coeur diffère entre résineux et feuillus. Une fonction puissanc...

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Section: Sapwood Allometrysupporting

confidence: 83%

Allométrie du bois de cœur et de l’aubier pour sept espèces d’arbres tempérées chinoises

Wang

Zhang

et al. 2010

Ann. For. Sci.

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“…In commercial trees with 9 to 12 years of age, the heartwood represents on average 40% of the cross-sectional area at the base, and only 10% at the 55% height level (Gominho and Pereira 2000;2005). Morais and Pereira (2007) observed in trees of 12 to 15 years of age that the heartwood represented 53.3% of the total area at the base and the content of extractives was higher at the base and decreased at the 50% height level (9.8% and 4.2%, respectively). At the usual harvesting age for pulping, extractives content is lower, e.g., 2.9 % (Pereira 1988) or 3.5% (Miranda and Pereira 2001).…”

Section: Raw-materials Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 98%

Variation of Wood Pulping and Bleached Pulp Properties Along the Stem in Mature Eucalyptus globulus Trees

Gominho¹,

Lourenço²,

Neiva³

et al. 2015

BioResources

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The wood of a mature (40-year-old) Eucalyptus globulus Labill tree was characterized at different stem height levels (0%, 10%, 35%, and 50% of total height) regarding pulping, bleaching, and paper properties. Pulp yields increased upwards from 46% to 50%, and Kappa number decreased from 17.5 to 12.3 at 0 and 50% height, respectively. The estimated specific wood consumption ranged from 3.2 m 3 odt -1 to 3.1 m 3 odt -1 at 0% and 50% height levels, respectively. Pulp drainage varied along the stem, with less drainability (20.3 ºSR) and higher water retention value (1.07 g.g , respectively. These findings support the use of mature E. globulus trees without loss of pulp production and quality.

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“…The literature provides some evidence in E. globulus for a positive relationship between tree growth rate and heartwood proportion (Gominho and Pereira 2000;Morais and Pereira 2007;Miranda et al 2009). However, little information is available on the influence of growth rate on the extractives and overall few published data exist on the content of extractives determined separately in sapwood and heartwood and with statistically relevant sampling.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Variation of extractives content in heartwood and sapwood of Eucalyptus globulus trees

Morais

Pereira²

2011

Wood Sci Technol

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The variation in extractives content in sapwood and heartwood was investigated among 12 trees in each of four commercial plantations of Eucalyptus globulus in central Portugal. The study was carried out at the 15% height level and extractions used successively dichloromethane, ethanol and water. At all sites, heartwood had significantly more extractives than sapwood, on average 3.8 and 2.4%, respectively. Most extractives consisted of ethanol soluble material (on average 52% of total extractives). Among the sites, there was a statistically significant difference in the content of extractives but the most important source of variation was the within-tree variation between sapwood and heartwood. Differences in the content of extractives were also observed among trees. A strong relation between extractives content and heartwood proportion was found. The potential loss of pulp yield and problems associated with accumulation of extractives are directly related to the heartwood proportion in the eucalypt stems. Forest management should take into account heartwood development and selection for minimising heartwood extractives.

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Heartwood and sapwood variation in Eucalyptus globulus Labill. trees at the end of rotation for pulp wood production

Cited by 35 publications

References 19 publications

Allométrie du bois de cœur et de l’aubier pour sept espèces d’arbres tempérées chinoises

Allométrie du bois de cœur et de l’aubier pour sept espèces d’arbres tempérées chinoises

Variation of Wood Pulping and Bleached Pulp Properties Along the Stem in Mature Eucalyptus globulus Trees

Variation of extractives content in heartwood and sapwood of Eucalyptus globulus trees

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