Heartwood, sapwood and bark content of teak trees grown in Karnataka, India

Tewari, V. P.; Mariswamy, K. M.

doi:10.1007/s11676-013-0410-5

Cited by 20 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…It is naturally distributed in India, Myanmar, Thailand and Laos, etc. [1]. Its heartwood is golden brown or dark brown, with a fine texture and strong decay resistance [2], and it can be used for manufacturing high-grade furniture and musical instruments as well as in house decoration and transportation [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are a number of references on the heartwood of dominant or mean trees for T. grandis. For example, Pérez and Kanninen [11] studied the effects of thinning intensities on the heartwood volume of dominant T. grandis trees; Tewari and Mariswamy's [1] study showed that the proportion of heartwood increased while sapwood proportion was almost constant with increasing diameter at breast height (DBH) for T. grandis. In addition, Fernández-Sólis et al [12] predicted the heartwood formation process of T. grandis based on randomly selected trees in each age class.…”

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Horizontal and Vertical Distributions of Heartwood for Teak Plantation

Yang

Zhao

et al. 2020

Forests

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Tectona grandis is a valuable timber species with heartwood that is used worldwide. Most of the previous studies on its heartwood and sapwood have focused on dominant or mean trees, while trees with different social status might show different vertical and horizontal distributions of heartwood and sapwood. Studies on their heartwood and sapwood properties could be conducive to increasing heartwood yield at stand level. In 31-year-old plantations of T. grandis in southwest Guangxi, China, the trees were divided into three groups including dominant, mean and suppressed trees. Stem analysis was conducted for sampled trees in each of these groups to explore the differences in the horizontal and vertical distribution of their heartwood and sapwood. The results indicated that the heartwood radius, heartwood and sapwood areas of T. grandis showed significant differences in horizontal and vertical directions among trees of different social status. Heartwood began to form when xylem radius was 2-3 cm, and the heartwood radius ratio tended to be stable when the xylem radius reached about 8 cm. Heartwood radius and area, sapwood area and section heartwood volume all decreased with increasing tree height. The ratios of heartwood radius and area were relatively stable for sections under 50% of tree height. The sapwood width did not vary largely in horizontal and vertical directions among the three social status tree groups, which mainly fluctuated in the range of 1-4 cm. The heartwood volume proportions for dominant, mean and suppressed trees were 60%, 55% and 51%, respectively. There was a significant exponential relationship between heartwood volume and diameter at breast height (DBH) regardless of social status. The model HV = 0.000011 × DBH 2.9787 (R 2 = 0.8601) could accurately estimate heartwood volume for all T. grandis with different social statuses at this age. These findings could provide evidence for stand management and high-quality and large-sized timber production of T. grandis.Forests 2020, 11, 225 2 of 12 T. grandis has been in China for nearly 200 years, and has now been extensively planted in more than 60 counties or cities in 10 provinces of southern China, with a planting area of 35,000 hectares [8].Heartwood normally determines the value of wood [9], while sapwood is closely correlated with the physiological functions of trees [10]. There are a number of references on the heartwood of dominant or mean trees for T. grandis. For example, Pérez and Kanninen [11] studied the effects of thinning intensities on the heartwood volume of dominant T. grandis trees; Tewari and Mariswamy's [1] study showed that the proportion of heartwood increased while sapwood proportion was almost constant with increasing diameter at breast height (DBH) for T. grandis. In addition, Fernández-Sólis et al. [12] predicted the heartwood formation process of T. grandis based on randomly selected trees in each age class. However, mean and suppressed trees also account for a large proportion in stand [13] and their role in wood productio...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Horizontal and Vertical Distributions of Heartwood for Teak Plantation

Yang

Zhao

et al. 2020

Forests

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“…Teak (Tectona grandis) is one of the most important tropical species due to its properties and versatility of uses (TEWARI;MARISWAMY, 2013). Wood from fast-growing plantations has a higher juvenile wood content, which usually has low physical, mechanical and durability properties (MOYA et al, 2014b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects on density, shrinking, color changing and chemical surface analysis through FTIR of Tectona grandis thermo-treated

Méndez-Mejías¹,

Moya²

2016

Sci. For.

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“…For many conifer species, for example, it has been found that tree thickness can be described by variables inherent to the tree, such as bark diameter, total height, age, and measurement position (LAASASENAHO et al, 2005;LI;WEISKITTEL, 2011;TEWARI;MARISWAMY, 2013;STÄNGLE et al, 2017). In some cases, there is influence of site index on bark thickness, as reported by Božić et al (2007) for Abies alba.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…49,n. 3,jul (MALONE;LIANG, 2009;TEWARI;MARISWAMY, 2013;NOVAES et al, 2017). However, the adoption of a simple linear model can result in less accurate estimates, while more elaborate models describing the bark with the inclusion of other readily available variables are more requested (STÄNGLE et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thickness Accuracy of Teak Bark by Artificial Intelligence

Vendruscolo

Cerqueira

Medeiros

et al. 2019

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Estimates of tree bark thickness are fundamental for forest management, however, the degree of precision is conditioned to the adoption of efficient modeling techniques. The objective of this study was to evaluate and propose a model of artificial neural networks to estimate the thickness of the tree bark of Tectona grandis (Teak). The data originated from the measurement of 68 dominant trees, ranging in age from 6 to 33 years. The thickness of the bark was correlated with variables inherent to the tree, being: diameter in the different positions of the stem (di); diameter at 1.3 m height (dbh); total height (ht); relative height (hi_rel); and age (id). The trained networks were of the multilayer perceptron type, and a linear regression model was adjusted as a comparative support. The accuracy of the estimates was evaluated through statistical indicators and graphical analysis. The results showed a strong correlation between bark thickness and tree diameter, as well as relative height, with values above 0.70. Age also exerted a strong influence on the thickness of the bark of the trees. The artificial intelligence technique has demonstrated the potential for such application and the model proposed with the input variables: diameter, relative height and age was the one that presented the best statistical performance, and thus was the most suitable for predicting the bark in Teak trees.

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Heartwood, sapwood and bark content of teak trees grown in Karnataka, India

Cited by 20 publications

References 8 publications

Horizontal and Vertical Distributions of Heartwood for Teak Plantation

Horizontal and Vertical Distributions of Heartwood for Teak Plantation

Effects on density, shrinking, color changing and chemical surface analysis through FTIR of Tectona grandis thermo-treated

Thickness Accuracy of Teak Bark by Artificial Intelligence

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