Heat and Mass Transfer in Fuel Cells and Stacks

Open-source fuel cell models outmatch commercial codes in many important aspects. By providing the source code, reuse, modification and extension of the model and comparison with other codes becomes possible. With this motivation, we present a three-dimensional, steady-state, non-isothermal proton exchange membrane fuel cell model, implemented in the open-source finite volume library OpenFOAM® . At every stage of implementation, special care was taken to ensure a well documented, organised, and modular structure of the software. The resulting model suite can, and should, be extended with new sub-modules by the user. The main field of application, modelling of fuel cells from an engineering perspective, is demonstrated by simulating two different conventional polymer electrolyte fuel cells, operated at CIEMAT and Forschungszentrum Jülich, respectively.

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“…Here, Q = ρu is the total injected mass flux, and Q i the mass flux of species i. For further details, please refer to [3,[74][75][76][77][78].…”

Section: Numerical Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Open-source Computational Model for Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells

et al. 2023

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“…A detailed description of the model can be found in several previous works. 31,33,34,37 A brief introduction is also provided below. Governing equations.-The conservation equations solved in this study are continuity, momentum, species, and enthalpy (energy).…”

Section: Numerical Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…29 More recent studies are also available. 13,[30][31][32][33] The basic simplification is achieved by employing a volume-averaged method on the mini-channels. The resistance due to walls can be expressed as a function of velocities.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A similar approach was applied by Kvesić et al 36 to another type of fuel cell stack. Nishida et al [31][32][33]37 employed a slightly different method, namely a distributed resistance analogy, which was developed earlier by Beale and Zhubrin. 34 Again, each repeating unit cell consisted of solid, fluid, and volume-averaged regions.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this study, the model developed by Beale et al [31][32][33][34]37 is improved along the lines of the approach employed by Frandsen et al, 13,39,40 and implemented in the open-source library, OpenFOAM. 41 The procedure enables stack-level simulations of both SOFCs and SOECs to be performed.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Modeling of Reversible Solid Oxide Cell Stacks with an Open-Source Library

Zhang

Peters²,

Varghese³

et al. 2022

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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This work describes a recently-developed numerical model for three-dimensional, steady-state simulations of reversible solid oxide cell (rSOC) stacks, taking into account a heterogeneous temperature field. The model employs a volume-averaged approach, also referred to as the distributed resistance analogy. It considers fluid flow, multi-component species diffusion, as well as heat and mass transfer, including thermal radiation and electrochemical reactions. The implementation of the computational model is based on an open-source library, OpenFOAM. An in-house designed rSOC stack, Mark-H is considered. Simulations are performed for repeating units with a 320 cm2 active area, with both the present stack model and a one-dimensional Simulink model. Both models predict very similar voltages, with a maximum difference of 2% compared to experimental results. The present model shows a temperature distribution closer to the experimental data than the Simulink model, although a slightly longer simulation time is required.

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A Simple Electrochemical Cell Model

Beale

2022

Electrochemical Cell Calculations With OpenFOAM

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Heat and Mass Transfer in Fuel Cells and Stacks

Cited by 7 publications

References 37 publications

Open-source Computational Model for Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells

Open-source Computational Model for Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells

Modeling of Reversible Solid Oxide Cell Stacks with an Open-Source Library

A Simple Electrochemical Cell Model

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