Heat hardening capacity in
            <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i>
            is life stage-specific and juveniles show the highest plasticity

Moghadam, Neda Nasiri; Ketola, Tarmo; Pertoldi, Cino; Bahrndorff, Simon; Kristensen, Torsten Nygård

doi:10.1098/rsbl.2018.0628

Cited by 37 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…seeking deeper into the soil column or escaping rapidly by flight or other types of maneuvering to more favorable thermal conditions [ 43 , 61 , 93 ]. This is supported by findings showing that sessile life stages of Drosophila are more plastic than adult stages [ 65 , 66 , 68 ]. However, studies generally find that collembolans show hardening responses to both cold and heat exposure, but this response is slow and maybe not working at the timescale of daily temperature fluctuations [ 41 , 43 , 59 , 60 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 56%

“…For instance, for D . melanogaster the relatively immobile larval and pupal stages show much higher plastic change in survival to heat stress after heat hardening treatments compared to the mobile adult stage [ 68 ]. These findings suggest that mobility levels are important determinants of plasticity in nature and that plasticity becomes less important as adults gain the ability to avoid high temperatures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impacts of thermal fluctuations on heat tolerance and its metabolomic basis in Arabidopsis thaliana, Drosophila melanogaster, and Orchesella cincta

et al. 2020

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Temperature varies on a daily and seasonal scale and thermal fluctuations are predicted to become even more pronounced under future climate changes. Studies suggest that plastic responses are crucial for species’ ability to cope with thermal stress including variability in temperature, but most often laboratory studies on thermal adaptation in plant and ectotherm organisms are performed at constant temperatures and few species included. Recent studies using fluctuating thermal regimes find that thermal performance is affected by both temperature mean and fluctuations, and that plastic responses likely will differ between species according to life strategy and selective past. Here we investigate how acclimation to fluctuating or constant temperature regimes, but with the same mean temperature, impact on heat stress tolerance across a plant ( Arabidopsis thaliana ) and two arthropod species ( Orchesella cincta and Drosophila melanogaster ) inhabiting widely different thermal microhabitats and with varying capability for behavioral stress avoidance. Moreover, we investigate the underlying metabolic responses of acclimation using NMR metabolomics. We find increased heat tolerance for D . melanogaster and A . thaliana exposed to fluctuating acclimation temperatures, but not for O . cincta . The response was most pronounced for A . thaliana , which also showed a stronger metabolome response to thermal fluctuations than both arthropods. Generally, sugars were more abundant across A . thaliana and D . melanogaster when exposed to fluctuating compared to constant temperature, whereas amino acids were less abundant. This pattern was not evident for O . cincta , and generally we do not find much evidence for similar metabolomics responses to fluctuating temperature acclimation across species. Differences between the investigated species’ ecology and different ability to behaviorally thermoregulate may have shaped their physiological responses to thermal fluctuations.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 56%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of thermal fluctuations on heat tolerance and its metabolomic basis in Arabidopsis thaliana, Drosophila melanogaster, and Orchesella cincta

et al. 2020

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“…from one life stage to another), individuals of different size/life stage may have different sensitivities to the environment. For example, life stages with limited mobility might be expected to have a much larger capacity to acclimate to temperature change than life stages that can disperse in pursuit of more preferential temperatures [18]. Alternative explanations that can describe the scaling of the acclimation response observed here are elusive.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…However, this problem can be circumvented by studying traits that respond to environmental change with sufficient speed, such that an acclimation response can be measured before body size changes substantially. In this context, traits describing acute temperature tolerance may be promising because they often express a rapid response to temperature change, being detectable in multi-cellular organisms within as little as a few hours [16][17][18]. We used the widespread freshwater zooplankton species Daphnia magna to measure the acute heat tolerance of individuals of different body size and age that had experienced different temperature acclimation regimes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acclimation capacity and rate change through life in the zooplankton Daphnia

2020

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When a change in the environment occurs, organisms can maintain an optimal phenotypic state via plastic, reversible changes to their phenotypes. These adjustments, when occurring within a generation, are described as the process of acclimation. While acclimation has been studied for more than half a century, global environmental change has stimulated renewed interest in quantifying variation in the rate and capacity with which this process occurs, particularly among ectothermic organisms. Yet, despite the likely ecological importance of acclimation capacity and rate, how these traits change throughout life among members of the same species is largely unstudied. Here we investigate these relationships by measuring the acute heat tolerance of the clonally reproducing zooplankter Daphnia magna of different size/age and acclimation status. The heat tolerance of individuals completely acclimated to relatively warm (28°C) or cool (17°C) temperatures diverged during development, indicating that older, larger individuals had a greater capacity to increase heat tolerance. However, when cool acclimated individuals were briefly exposed to the warm temperature (i.e. were ‘heat-hardened'), it was younger, smaller animals with less capacity to acclimate that were able to do so more rapidly because they obtained or came closer to obtaining complete acclimation of heat tolerance. Our results illustrate that within a species, individuals can differ substantially in how rapidly and by how much they can respond to environmental change. We urge greater investigation of the intraspecific relationship between acclimation and development along with further consideration of the factors that might contribute to these enigmatic patterns of phenotypic variation.

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“…While most studies predicting species' response to climate change incorporate only data from the adult stage, thermal sensitivity may vary across different life cycle stages (Kingsolver et al, 2011;Sinclair et al, 2016;Moghadam et al, 2019). Sublethal but stressful temperatures experienced during juvenile development of Drosophila subobscura resulted in fertility loss whereas keeping adults at the same temperature had no negative fertility effect.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenotypic Responses to and Genetic Architecture of Sterility Following Exposure to Sub-Lethal Temperature During Development

et al. 2020

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Heat hardening capacity in Drosophila melanogaster is life stage-specific and juveniles show the highest plasticity

Abstract: Electronic supplementary material is available online at https://dx.doi.org/10.6084/m9. figshare.c.4396145. Evolutionary biologyHeat hardening capacity in Drosophila melanogaster is life stage-specific and juveniles show the highest plasticity

Cited by 37 publications

References 19 publications

Impacts of thermal fluctuations on heat tolerance and its metabolomic basis in Arabidopsis thaliana, Drosophila melanogaster, and Orchesella cincta

Impacts of thermal fluctuations on heat tolerance and its metabolomic basis in Arabidopsis thaliana, Drosophila melanogaster, and Orchesella cincta

Acclimation capacity and rate change through life in the zooplankton Daphnia

Phenotypic Responses to and Genetic Architecture of Sterility Following Exposure to Sub-Lethal Temperature During Development

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