Heat increases 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine self-administration and social effects in rats

Cornish, Jennifer L.; Shahnawaz, Zeeshan; Thompson, Murray R.; Wong, Suzanna; Morley, Kirsten C.; Hunt, Glenn E.; McGregor, Iain S.

doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2003.09.060

Cited by 74 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Recently, Cornish et al (2003) reported greater MDMA-induced social interaction behavior in rats housed at 301C compared with 201C and also greater self-administration of MDMA at high temperature. It is tempting to suggest that the enhanced mesolimbic dopamine release seen at high temperature is responsible for the behavioral changes seen by Cornish et al (2003).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, it was shown that an elevation of ambient room temperature enhanced the prosocial effects of MDMA and the number of MDMA infusions self-administered by rats (Cornish et al, 2003). This suggests that the rewarding effects of MDMA are more pronounced at high ambient temperature and that the enthusiasm of recreational users for consuming the drug in hot environments might not be coincidental.…”

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confidence: 97%

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Elevation of Ambient Room Temperature has Differential Effects on MDMA-Induced 5-HT and Dopamine Release in Striatum and Nucleus Accumbens of Rats

O’Shea

Escobedo

Orío

et al. 2005

Neuropsychopharmacol

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3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) produces acute dopamine and 5-HT release in rat brain and a hyperthermic response, which is dependent on the ambient room temperature in which the animal is housed. We examined the effect of ambient room temperature (20 and 301C) on MDMA-induced dopamine and 5-HT efflux in the striatum and shell of nucleus accumbens (NAc) of freely moving rats by using microdialysis. Locomotor activity and rectal temperature were also evaluated. In the NAc, MDMA (2.5 or 5 mg/kg, i.p.) produced a substantial increase in extracellular dopamine, which was more marked at 301C. 5-HT release was also increased by MDMA given at 301C. In contrast, MDMA-induced extracellular dopamine and 5-HT increases in the striatum were unaffected by ambient temperature. At 201C room temperature, MDMA did not modify the rectal temperature but at 301C it produced a rapid and sustained hyperthermia. MDMA at 201C room temperature produced a two-fold increase in activity compared with salinetreated controls. The MDMA-induced increase in locomotor activity was more marked at 301C due to a decrease in the activity of the saline-treated controls at this high ambient temperature. These results show that high ambient temperature enhances MDMA-induced locomotor activity and monoamine release in the shell of NAc, a region involved in the incentive motivational properties of drugs of abuse, and suggest that the rewarding effects of MDMA may be more pronounced at high ambient temperature.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 97%

Elevation of Ambient Room Temperature has Differential Effects on MDMA-Induced 5-HT and Dopamine Release in Striatum and Nucleus Accumbens of Rats

O’Shea

Escobedo

Orío

et al. 2005

Neuropsychopharmacol

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“…For example, the maximum response produced by MDMA was only 35% of a dose of cocaine that previously engendered maximum rates of responding in rats under the same experimental conditions (Ratzenboeck et al 2001). In addition, McGregor and colleagues also reported that MDMA maintained lower rates of self-administration than cocaine (Cornish et al 2003).…”

Section: Ecstasy Is Not a Prototypical Stimulantmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In 2003, a novel report highlighted the importance of temperature on the reinforcing effects produced by selfadministered MDMA (Cornish et al 2003). The authors reported a shallow dose response for MDMA responding, and inactive lever pressing data and acquisition data were not shown.…”

Section: Mcgregor and Colleaguesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relevance of rodent models of intravenous MDMA self-administration to human MDMA consumption patterns

2006

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Rationale: Despite decades of research specifying harmful effects produced by 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA; a principal component of 'ecstasy' pills), young people (and adults) continue to use it.In an attempt to model human MDMA consumption patterns, preclinical investigators have sought to establish reliable patterns of intravenous MDMA self-administration in rodents. Objective: The objective of this report is to offer a critical review of published data (including our own novel findings) that reveal MDMA self-administration in rodents. Results: The data indicate that MDMA serves as a reinforcer in rodents, though the responses are not similar to those previously reported for psychostimulants (i.e., cocaine). Important differences between rodent models and human use patterns include frequency of dosing and dosage exposure, routes of administration, tolerance that develops to MDMA after repeated exposure, polydrug use in humans but not by rodents, limits on the repertoire of behaviors that can be exhibited by rodents undergoing IV self-administration procedures, and the question of neurotoxicity as it relates to models of self-administration. Conclusions: While MDMA is not as potent a reinforcer as other drugs of abuse, the fact remains that young people and adults continue to use the drug, and therefore, additional research is needed to determine why drugs with low reinforcing effects continue to be abused.

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“…Primates (Beardsley et al, 1986;Fantegrossi et al, 2002Fantegrossi et al, , 2004Lamb and Griffiths, 1987;Lile et al, 2005), rats (Braida and Sala, 2002;Braida et al, 2005;Cornish et al, 2003;Daniela et al, 2004;Schenk et al, 2003), and mice (Trigo et al, 2006) learn to perform an operant response to obtain an infusion of MDMA, which suggests the addictive potential of this drug.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rewarding Effects and Reinstatement of MDMA-Induced CPP in Adolescent Mice

Daza-Losada

Couto

Manzanedo

et al. 2007

Neuropsychopharmacol

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Although the rewarding effects of 3,4-methylenedioxy-metamphetamine (MDMA) have been demonstrated in self-administration and conditioned place preference (CPP) procedures, its addictive potential (ie, the vulnerability to relapse, measured by its ability to induce reinstatement of an extinguished response), remains poorly understood. In this study, the effects of MDMA (5, 10, and 20 mg/kg) on the acquisition, extinction and reinstatement of CPP were evaluated in mice, using two different protocols during acquisition of CPP. In the first experiment, animals were trained using a two-session/day schedule (MDMA and saline for 4 consecutive days), whereas in the second experiment, they were trained using an alternating day schedule (MDMA and saline each 48 h). After extinction, the ability of drug priming to reinstate CPP was evaluated. In Experiment 1, MDMA did not significantly increase the time spent in the drug-paired compartment during the post-conditioning (Post-C) test, although the preference was evident a week afterwards, lasting between 2 and 21 weeks. No reinstatement was observed after MDMA priming. In Experiment 2, all doses produced CPP in Post-C, which lasted between 1 and 4 weeks. MDMA induces reinstatement at doses up to 4 times lower than those used in conditioning. The analyses of brain monoamines revealed that the daily schedule of treatment induces a non-dose-dependent decrease in dopamine and serotonin (5-HT) in the striatum, whereas the alternating schedule produces a dose-dependent decrease of 5-HT in the cortex. These results demonstrate that MDMA produces long-lasting rewarding effects and reinstatement after extinction, suggesting the susceptibility of this drug to induce addiction.

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Heat increases 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine self-administration and social effects in rats

Cited by 74 publications

References 8 publications

Elevation of Ambient Room Temperature has Differential Effects on MDMA-Induced 5-HT and Dopamine Release in Striatum and Nucleus Accumbens of Rats

Elevation of Ambient Room Temperature has Differential Effects on MDMA-Induced 5-HT and Dopamine Release in Striatum and Nucleus Accumbens of Rats

Relevance of rodent models of intravenous MDMA self-administration to human MDMA consumption patterns

Rewarding Effects and Reinstatement of MDMA-Induced CPP in Adolescent Mice

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