Heat-Induced Actuator Fibers: Starch-Containing Biopolyamide Composites for Functional Textiles

Abstract

This study introduces the development of a thermally responsive shape-morphing fabric using low-melting-point polyamide shape memory actuators. To facilitate the blending of biomaterials, we report the synthesis and characterization of a biopolyamide with a relatively low melting point. Additionally, we present a straightforward and solvent-free method for the compatibilization of starch particles with the synthesized biopolyamide, aiming to enhance the sustainability of polyamide and customize the actuation temperature. Subsequently, homogeneous dispersion of up to 70 wt % compatibilized starch particles into the matrix is achieved. The resulting composites exhibit excellent mechanical properties comparable to those reported for soft and tough materials, making them well suited for textile integration. Furthermore, cyclic thermomechanical tests were conducted to evaluate the shape memory and shape recovery of both plain polyamide and composites. The results confirmed their remarkable shape recovery properties. To demonstrate the potential application of biocomposites in textiles, a heat-responsive fabric was created using thermoresponsive shape memory polymer actuators composed of a biocomposite containing 50 wt % compatibilized starch. This fabric demonstrates the ability to repeatedly undergo significant heat-induced deformations by opening and closing pores, thereby exposing hidden functionalities through heat stimulation. This innovative approach provides a convenient pathway for designing heat-responsive textiles, adding value to state-of-the-art smart textiles.

Exploring the potential of regenerated Ioncell fiber composites: a sustainable alternative for high-strength applications

“…The observed strength of the composite is intricately linked to the properties of both the reinforcement and matrix materials, emphasizing the pivotal role played by the interaction between these components. 46,47 This holistic investigation provides valuable insights into the nuanced interplay of materials within composite structures, contributing to a comprehensive understanding of their mechanical performance and facilitating informed material selection for diverse applications.…”