Heat-Killed Lactobacillus salivarius and Lactobacillus johnsonii Reduce Liver Injury Induced by Alcohol In Vitro and In Vivo

Abstract

Abstract:The aim of the present study was to determine whether Lactobacillus salivarius (LS) and Lactobacillus johnsonii (LJ) prevent alcoholic liver damage in HepG2 cells and rat models of acute alcohol exposure. In this study, heat-killed LS and LJ were screened from 50 Lactobacillus strains induced by 100 mM alcohol in HepG2 cells. The severity of alcoholic liver injury was determined by measuring the levels of aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), gamma-glutamyl transferase (γ-GT), lipid peroxidation, triglyceride (TG) and total cholesterol. Our results indicated that heat-killed LS and LJ reduced AST, ALT, γ-GT and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and outperformed other bacterial strains in cell line studies. We further evaluated these findings by administering these strains to rats. Only LS was able to reduce serum AST levels, which it did by 26.2%. In addition LS significantly inhibited serum TG levels by 39.2%. However, both strains were unable to inhibit ALT levels. In summary, we demonstrated that heat-killed LS and LJ possess hepatoprotective properties induced by alcohol both in vitro and in vivo.

Combined Use of C. butyricum Sx-01 and L. salivarius C-1-3 Improves Intestinal Health and Reduces the Amount of Lipids in Serum via Modulation of Gut Microbiota in Mice

“…In our tests, the mice were given 4 × 10 8 cfu of the two strains per day. The dosage was close to most experiments in mice [ 2 , 12 , 16 , 30 , 31 ]. The safety of C. butyricum was vitally important.…”

“…Specific strains of the species have been used to prevent and treat some chronic diseases, such as asthma, cancer and halitosis in humans and to reduce colonization by gastrointestinal (GI) pathogens in animal [ 15 ]. Studies showed that heat-killed L. salivarius could protect ftom the liver damage induced by alcohol in rats [ 16 ], L. salivarius LI01 exerted a good health-promoting effect in acute liver failure in humans [ 17 ]; L. salivarius MTC 1026 could inhibit the adhesion process of some pathogenic bacteria on Caco-2 cells in a competition assay [ 18 ]; L. salivarius B1 could elicit local immunomodulatory activities and increase the maturation of the intestinal mucosal immune system of piglets [ 19 ]. Although it seems that L. salivarius is safe for consumption by animals and humans.…”

Hepatoprotective effects of Lactococcus chungangensis CAU 1447 in alcoholic liver disease

“…Some lactic acid bacteria (LAB) have been previously shown to exhibit ameliorative effects on ALD and liver injury by suppression of proinflammatory mediators and reduction of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), gamma-glutamyl transferase, lactate dehydrogenase, and total bilirubin levels in animal models (Barone et al, 2016;Suo et al, 2016;Lyu et al, 2018). Further studies have shown that heat-killed Lactobacillus strains reduce liver injury induced by alcohol in vitro and in vivo, although some strains cannot inhibit ALT levels (Segawa et al, 2008;Chuang et al, 2016). Lactococcus species are representative starter bacteria for making dairy-based foods, such as cheese and yogurt (Ruggirello et al, 2018).…”

Effects of garlic polysaccharide on alcoholic liver fibrosis and intestinal microflora in mice

“…The development of ALD involves some steps, which include alcoholic steatosis, alcoholic hepatitis, alcoholic liver fibrosis (ALF), alcoholic cirrhosis and liver cancer (Chuang et al. 2016 ). ALF develops from simple steatosis and hepatitis to cirrhosis and even liver cancer (Baghy et al.…”