Heat—Moisture Treatment of Rapeseed Meal: Effect on Digestibility of the Diet, Voluntary Grass Silage Intake and Growth Rate of Ayrshire Bulls

Aronen, Ilmo; Vanhatalo, Aila

doi:10.1080/09064709209410123

Cited by 8 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…In the study of Olsson (1987) BWG was numerically greater (60 g/day) in cattle fed SBM compared with those fed high glucosinolate RSM, but there was no difference between the control diet without supplementary protein and SBM diet. The results of the study by Aronen and Vanhatalo (1992) suggest that the effects of RSM on BWG can be more related to the concentration of glucosinolates than to protein degradability.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…It has been reported that the inclusion of rapeseed meal (RSM) in the barley grain-based concentrate with grass silage (Huuskonen et al, 2007 and or whole-crop barley silage (Huuskonen, 2013) -based diets did not affect performance of growing dairy bulls. However, inclusions of RSM in the grass silage plus barley-based diet had positive effects on the performance of young bulls and bull calves in some feeding experiments (Aronen and Vanhatalo, 1992;, and including RUP increased the BW gain (BWG) of young steers offered grass silage plus low levels of concentrate (Moloney, 1991;Rouzbehan et al, 1996).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of protein supplementation for growing cattle fed grass silage-based diets: a meta-analysis

Huuskonen

Huhtanen

Joki‐Tokola

2014

Animal

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The objective of this meta-analysis was to develop empirical equations predicting growth responses of growing cattle to protein intake. Overall, the data set comprised 199 diets in 80 studies. The diets were mainly based on grass silage or grass silage partly or completely replaced by whole-crop silages or straw. The concentrate feeds consisted of cereal grains, fibrous by-products and protein supplements. The analyses were conducted both comprehensively for all studies and also separately for studies in which soybean meal (SBM; n = 71 diets/28 studies), fish meal (FM; 27/12) and rapeseed meal (RSM; 74/35) were used as a protein supplement. Increasing dietary CP concentration increased ( P < 0.01) BW gain (BWG), but the responses were quantitatively small (1.4 g per 1 g/kg dry matter (DM) increase in dietary CP concentration). The BWG responses were not different for bulls v. steers and heifers (1.4 v. 1.3 g per 1 g/kg DM increase in dietary CP concentration) and for dairy v. beef breeds (1.2 v. 1.7 g per 1 g/kg, respectively). The effect of increased CP concentration declined ( P < 0.01) with increasing mean BW of the animals and with improved BWG of the control animals (the lowest CP diet in each study). The BWG responses to protein supplementation were not related to the CP concentration in the control diet. The BWG responses increased ( P < 0.05) with increased ammonia N concentration in silage N and declined marginally ( P > 0.10) with increasing proportion of concentrate in the diet. All protein supplements had a significant effect on BWG, but the effects were greater for RSM ( P < 0.01) and FM ( P < 0.05) than for SBM. Increasing dietary CP concentration improved ( P < 0.01) feed efficiency when expressed as BWG/kg DM intake, but decreased markedly when expressed as BWG/kg CP intake. Assuming CP concentration of 170 g/kg BW marginal efficiency of the utilisation of incremental CP intake was only 0.05. Increasing dietary CP concentration had no effects on carcass weight, dressing proportion or conformation score, but it increased ( P < 0.01) fat score. Owing to limited production responses, higher prices of protein supplements compared with cereal grains and possible increases the N and P emissions, there is generally no benefit from using protein supplementation for growing cattle fed grass silage-based diets, provided that the supply of rumen-degradable protein is not limiting digestion in the rumen.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of protein supplementation for growing cattle fed grass silage-based diets: a meta-analysis

Huuskonen

Huhtanen

Joki‐Tokola

2014

Animal

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“…In some earlier studies on growing dairy bulls with separate feeding the RSM supplementation increased the intake of hay (Aronen 1990) or grass silage (Aronen 1990, Aronen and Vanhatalo 1992a but, for example, Huhtanen et al (1985Huhtanen et al ( , 1989 Differences between the diets were compared using an a priori test (Dunnett's test) so that comparison of the diets was based on the C diet. Contrasts: (1 = C vs. RSM), (2 = C vs. WDS),…”

Section: Discussion Feed Intake and Diet Digestibilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In some feeding experiments (Joki-Tokola 1991, Aronen et al 1992, Aronen andVanhatalo 1992a), partial replacement of cereal grains by protein feeds had a positive effect on live weight gain (LWG), while in others the effect was non-existent (Huhtanen et al 1989, Aronen 1990, Huuskonen et al 2007a). The improved LWG may have been related either to an increased uptake of amino acids or to improved digestibility of the diet and thereby increased feed intake (Aronen and Vanhatalo 1992b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Need for protein supplementation in the diet of growing dairy bulls fed total mixed ration based on moderate digestible grass silage and barley

Huuskonen¹,

Khalili²,

Joki‐Tokola³

2008

AFSci

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The objective of the present experiment was to study the need for the protein supplementation in the diet of growing dairy bulls (initial live weight 272 ± 28.5 kg and final live weight 666 ± 31.2 kg, on average) fed total mixed ration based on moderate digestible grass silage and barley. The experiment comprised 24 Finnish Ayrshire bulls and 8 Holstein-Friesian bulls and included four treatments. The control diet (C) consisted of moderate digestible (653 g digestible organic matter in dry matter (DM) grass silage (450 g kg -1 DM), barley grain (275) and barley fibre (275) without protein supplementation. Three isonitrogenous experimental diets included also extra protein, i.e. (1) rapeseed meal (RSM) (supplementation 530 g DM per animal day -1 ), (2) wet distillers' solubles (WDS) (600 g) and (3) a mixture of barley protein (90% of fresh weight) and wet distillers' solubles (10) (BPWDS) (480 g). In all isonitrogenous diets the crude protein content of concentrate increased from 137 to 150 g kg -1 DM (9%) compared with the C diet. All bulls were fed total mixed ration ad libitum. The energy content of all diets was 11.6 MJ kg -1 DM. The live weight gain of the bulls tended to be higher with the BPWDS diet than with the C diet (C 1214 vs. BPWDS 1301 g d -1 ; p = 0.10), but the treatments had no significant effect on carcass gain, feed conversion or slaughter parameters. Only the BPWDS diet differed significantly from the C diet in DM (C 9.69 vs. BPWDS 10.38 kg DM d -1; p < 0.01) and energy intake ; p < 0.05). The apparent organic matter digestibility (OMD) was 5% higher in the BPWDS diet than in the C diet (p < 0.001), but the RSM and WDS diets did not differ from the C diet in OMD. The results indicate that the supply of protein in dairy bulls is most probably adequate with moderate digestible, well-preserved grass silage and barley-based concentrates when intake of digestible organic matter is high enough to support microbial protein synthesis in the rumen.

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“…Huuskonen et al (2007 reported that RSM did not affect animal performance of finishing dairy bulls (from 6.0 to 18.0 months of age), and concluded that there is no reason to use protein supplement for finishing dairy bulls when they are fed with good quality grass silage and barley-based concentrate. However, inclusion of RSM in the diet was found to have a positive effect on the performance of young bulls and bull calves in some feeding experiments Vanhatalo 1992). The growth and feed efficiency over the whole growth period, including preweaning, postweaning and finishing periods, are critical also from the economic viewpoint.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of barley grain compared to commercial concentrate or rapeseed meal supplementation on performance of growing dairy bulls offered grass silage-based diet

Huuskonen¹

2008

AFSci

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The objectives of the study with dairy bulls offered grass silage-based diet were to determine the effects on animal performance of (1) concentrate type (barley vs. commercial concentrate) and (2) supplementation of rapeseed meal (RSM) in barley-based concentrate, with data being compared from preweaning to slaughter. The experiment comprised a total of 37 Finnish Ayrshire and 23 Holstein-Friesian bulls. Experimental concentrate treatments were 1) rolled barley (B), 2) rolled barley + rapeseed meal (BRSM) and 3) commercial concentrate (CC). During the preweaning (from 0.5 to 2.5 months) there were no differences in intake, gain or feed conversion. During the postweaning (from 2.5 to 6.0 months) the energy intake and gain of the B bulls were 12-13% lower than those of the BRSM bulls (p < 0.05) and 16% lower than those of the CC bulls (p < 0.01). However, there were no treatment differences in the energy intake or gain of the bulls during the finishing period (from 6.0 to 18.0 months of age) or on average during the experiment. Furthermore, carcass traits of the bulls did not differ between treatments. It is concluded that production traits were unaffected by concentrate type or RSM supplementation when data is compared from preweaning to slaughter.

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Heat—Moisture Treatment of Rapeseed Meal: Effect on Digestibility of the Diet, Voluntary Grass Silage Intake and Growth Rate of Ayrshire Bulls

Cited by 8 publications

References 23 publications

Evaluation of protein supplementation for growing cattle fed grass silage-based diets: a meta-analysis

Evaluation of protein supplementation for growing cattle fed grass silage-based diets: a meta-analysis

Need for protein supplementation in the diet of growing dairy bulls fed total mixed ration based on moderate digestible grass silage and barley

Effects of barley grain compared to commercial concentrate or rapeseed meal supplementation on performance of growing dairy bulls offered grass silage-based diet

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