Heat-pump-augmented spacecraft heat-rejection systems

Scaringe, Robert P.; Buckman, J.; Grzyll, Lawrence R.; Mahefkey, E. T.; Leland, John E.

doi:10.2514/3.26142

Cited by 12 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…For the purpose of improving thermal comfort, hexadecane has been used commercially in the production of thermo-regulated fabrics for garments (Salaün et al 2010 ). It is also used in the mass production of personal heating and cooling appliances, where it has been incorporated into textiles (Scaringe et al 1990 ), thermal insulation purposes in protective textiles as pillowcase, duvets, blankets and mattresses in household textiles (Nelson 2002 ). Phenyloctanoic acid is used in development of intracytoplasmic lipid inclusions (Alvarez et al 1996 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance and emission analysis of blends of bio-oil obtained by catalytic pyrolysis of Argemone mexicana seeds with diesel in a CI engine

Pandey

Prakash

2022

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Because of their adaptability and user-friendliness, internal combustion engines are widely used for a variety of purposes, including the generation of consistent power as well as transportation. As a result, the question of whether or not these engines can make use of bio-oils is an important one today. Bio-oils derived from biomass pyrolysis differ significantly from those derived from petroleum-based fuels and biodiesel. They could, however, be valuable alternatives to fossil fuels in order to attain a carbon–neutral future. Bio-oil obtained from catalytic pyrolysis of Argemone Mexicana seed using titanium oxide (TiO 2 ) nanoparticles was employed in IC engine to check its suitability as an alternative fuel. Engine performance analysis was conducted at B5, B10, B15, B20, B25, and B30 blend for different parameters such as brake thermal efficiency, exhaust gas temperature, and brake-specific fuel consumption with change in engine load. Emission analysis was also carried out for carbon monoxide, hydrocarbon, nitrogen oxides, and carbon dioxide emissions. It was found that B30 blend resembled best performance and the bio-oil produced from catalytic pyrolysis of Argemone mexicana seed can be utilised as a substitute of fossil fuels in IC engine. Graphical Abstract

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance and emission analysis of blends of bio-oil obtained by catalytic pyrolysis of Argemone mexicana seeds with diesel in a CI engine

Pandey

Prakash

2022

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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“…To determine if the system could potentially provide mass savings over existing pumped loop systems, sample values for the parameters in equation (5) were chosen and the results were plotted in Figure 5. The following assumptions were made for this analysis: 300 W of cooling 10 K difference between the refrigerant condensing temperature and the surface of each radiator 8 K temperature drop between the pumped loop evaporator and condenser An effective sink temperature of 227 K (Scaringe, et al, 1989) Figure 5 shows that subject to the assumptions made, the heat pump system would be worthwhile from a mass savings perspective at a range of condensing temperatures. The following assumptions were made for this analysis: 300 W of cooling 10 K difference between the refrigerant condensing temperature and the surface of each radiator 8 K temperature drop between the pumped loop evaporator and condenser An effective sink temperature of 227 K (Scaringe, et al, 1989) Figure 5 shows that subject to the assumptions made, the heat pump system would be worthwhile from a mass savings perspective at a range of condensing temperatures.…”

Section: Potential System Mass Savingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous trade studies of the use of vapor compression cycles in spacecraft thermal control have found that heat pumps decrease the system mass in the 10-100 kW range when compared to a pumped loop system (Scaringe et al, 1989;Grossman, 1990;Grzyll, Scaringe, and Silvestri, 1991;Dexter and Haskin, 1984). More recent studies have confirmed the ability of a heat pump to reduce overall system mass, and found that operating at a low lift provided the most mass reduction (Scaringe and Grzyll, 2002;Grzyll, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Demonstration of a Plug-And-Play Approach to Spacecraft Thermal Control System Design

Maxwell¹,

Cole²,

Scaringe³

et al. 2008

AIP Conference Proceedings

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“…The operating temperature is constrained by the electronics and usually maintained within a certain range, while the space temperature is beyond human control. Using a heat pump to boost the rejection temperature to reduce radiator area at the cost of additional power for space, lunar and stratospheric balloon missions has been a long-standing interest (Scaringe et al, 1990;Grossman, 1990;Swanson et al, 1990;Haobo Jiang et al, 2000). When the payload requires a temperature less than the average rejection temperature, or/and the waste heat cannot be radiated through the immediate surface area, the choice of a heat pump cycle becomes mandatory.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A distributed model of a space heat pump under transient conditions

Jiang

Radermacher

2003

Int. J. Energy Res.

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SUMMARYA prototype heat pump was designed and tested, as means of active thermal management for electronics packages to be used on stratospheric balloon missions. The evaporator worked as a cold plate to absorb heat dissipated by the electronics, while the condenser rejected heat primarily by radiation to the rarified environment.To predict the transient performance of the heat pump under varying environmental temperature and cooling load conditions, a dynamic model of the heat pump is created with a graphical user interface (GUI). The simulation of the evaporator and condenser are fully transient and the components are segmented, whereas the compressor and expansion device are lumped models and assumed to be at quasisteady state. A detailed model for the mass and energy conservation in the two heat exchangers is presented. The spatial and temporal variation of temperature and mass flow rate in the heat exchangers are predicted. Several types of transient conditions such as step changes of the space temperature and cooling load, system start-up, shutdown, and cycling, are studied. The space temperature, cooling load, compressor power, mass flow rates of the compressor and expansion device, pressures and refrigerant charges of the condenser and evaporator, and temperature distribution in the heat exchangers are dynamically displayed on the GUI. The simulation results are compared with experimental data for step changes in the cooling load and show good agreement in terms of trends.

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Heat-pump-augmented spacecraft heat-rejection systems

Cited by 12 publications

References 4 publications

Performance and emission analysis of blends of bio-oil obtained by catalytic pyrolysis of Argemone mexicana seeds with diesel in a CI engine

Performance and emission analysis of blends of bio-oil obtained by catalytic pyrolysis of Argemone mexicana seeds with diesel in a CI engine

Demonstration of a Plug-And-Play Approach to Spacecraft Thermal Control System Design

A distributed model of a space heat pump under transient conditions

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