Heat recovery ventilators prevent respiratory disorders in Inuit children

Kovesi, Tom; Zaloum, C.; Stocco, Corinne; Fugler, Don; Dales, Robert; Ni, Andy; Barrowman, Nick; Gilbert, Nicolas L.; Miller, Jeffrey D.

doi:10.1111/j.1600-0668.2009.00615.x

Cited by 47 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…25,26 As seen in Nunavut, the majority of houses' CO 2 concentrations exceeded national guidelines. Compared with other US homes, the study houses were overcrowded, a high proportion were without running water, and heating with woodstove was common.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Housing characteristics and indoor air quality in households of Alaska Native children with chronic lung conditions

et al. 2016

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Alaska Native children experience high rates of respiratory infections and conditions. Household crowding, indoor smoke, lack of piped water, and poverty have been associated with respiratory infections. We describe the baseline household characteristics of children with severe or chronic lung disease participating in a 2012-2015 indoor air study. We monitored indoor PM2.5, CO , relative humidity %, temperature, and VOCs and interviewed caregivers about children's respiratory symptoms. We evaluated the association between reported children's respiratory symptoms and indoor air quality indicators using multiple logistic regression analysis. Compared with general US households, study households were more likely overcrowded 73% (62%-82%) vs 3.2% (3.1%-3.3%); had higher woodstove use as primary heat source 16% (9%-25%) vs 2.1% (2.0%-2.2%); and higher proportion of children in a household with a smoker 49% (38%-60%) vs 26.2% (25.5%-26.8%). Median PM2.5 was 33 μg/m . Median CO was 1401 ppm. VOCs were detectable in all homes. VOCs, smoker, primary wood heat, and PM2.5>25 μg/m were associated with higher risk for cough between colds; VOCs were associated with higher risk for wheeze between colds and asthma diagnosis. High indoor air pollutant levels were associated with respiratory symptoms in household children, likely related to overcrowding, poor ventilation, woodstove use, and tobacco smoke.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Housing characteristics and indoor air quality in households of Alaska Native children with chronic lung conditions

et al. 2016

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“…In addition they reported that all infants studied lived in crowded homes and were exposed to maternal smoking prenatally as well as environmental tobacco smoke at home (38). More recently, factors that have been associated with LRTIs among Inuit children are place of residence, lack of breast-feeding (39), reduced ventilation (40,41), neonatal vitamin A deficiency (33) and above average levels of organochlorines (42), and PCBs (25). …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Using randomized trial approaches, the acceptability and safety of using microencapsulated-iron sprinkles for prevention of iron deficiency anaemia was assessed (75), and the usability of home heat recovery ventilators to reduce childhood respiratory illnesses was tested (40). In both analyses, the study design was effective in evaluating a chronic disease issue.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A decade of research in Inuit children, youth, and maternal health in Canada: areas of concentrations and scarcities

Sheppard

Hetherington

2012

International Journal of Circumpolar Health

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Inuit Canadians are on average about 20 years younger and have a 10-year lower life expectancy than other Canadians. While there have been improvements in Inuit health status over time, significant health disparities still remain. This paper will review the peer-reviewed literature related to Inuit child, youth, and maternal health between 2000 and 2010, investigate which thematic areas were examined, and determine what proportion of the research is related to each group. Establishing areas of research concentrations and scarcities may help direct future research where it is needed. We followed a systematic literature review and employed peer-reviewed research literature on child, youth, and maternal health which were selected from 3 sources, MEDLINE, CINAHL, and the Circumpolar Health Bibliographic Database. The resulting references were read, and summarized according to population group and thematic area. The thematic areas that emerged by frequency were: infectious disease; environment/environmental exposures; nutrition; birth outcomes; tobacco; chronic disease; health care; policy, human resources; interventions/programming; social determinants of health; mental health and wellbeing; genetics; injury; and dental health. The 72 papers that met the inclusion criteria were not mutually exclusive with respect to group studied. Fifty-nine papers (82%) concerned child health, 24 papers (33%) youth health, and 58 papers (81%) maternal health. The review documented high incidences of illness and significant public health problems; however, in the context of these issues, opportunities to develop research that could directly enhance health outcomes are explored.

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“…Research efforts including both simulations and field measurements have demonstrated increased negative health effects or poor IAQ in efficient or retrofitted residences that did not sufficiently address IAQ provisions (Emmerich et al, 2005;Milner et al, 2014;Offermann, 2009;Wilson et al, 2013). Yet, other research efforts that have consistently included IAQ best practices have demonstrated improved health outcomes and generally reduced pollutant levels (Breysse et al, 2011;Jacobs, 2013;Kovesi et al, 2009;Leech et al, 2004;Noris et al, 2013a;Weichenthal et al, 2013). These mixed research findings substantiate the concerns of those who are concerned that efficiency may be implemented in residences without sufficient IAQ countermeasures.…”

Section: Additional Indoor Pollutantmentioning

confidence: 95%

Indoor Air Quality in 24 California Residences Designed as High-Performance Homes

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Mullen

Singer

et al. 2015

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Today's high performance green homes are reaching previously unheard of levels of airtightness and are using new materials, technologies and strategies, whose impacts on Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) cannot be fully anticipated from prior studies. This research study used pollutant measurements, home inspections, diagnostic testing and occupant surveys to assess IAQ in 24 new or deeply retrofitted homes designed to be high performance green buildings in California. Although the mechanically vented homes were six times as airtight as non-mechanically ventilated homes (medians of 1.1 and 6.1 ACH50, n=11 and n=8, respectively), their use of mechanical ventilation systems and possibly window operation meant their median air exchange rates were almost the same (0.30 versus 0.32 hr -1 , n=8 and n=8, respectively). Pollutant levels were also similar in vented and unvented homes. These similarities were achieved despite numerous observed faults in complex mechanical ventilation systems. More rigorous commissioning is still recommended. Cooking exhaust systems were used inconsistently and several suffered from design flaws. Failure to follow best practices led to IAQ problems in some cases. Ambient nitrogen dioxide standards were exceeded or nearly so in four homes that either used gas ranges with standing pilots, or in Passive House-style homes that used gas cooking burners without venting range hoods. Homes without active particle filtration had particle count concentrations approximately double those in homes with enhanced filtration. The majority of homes reported using low-emitting materials; consistent with this, formaldehyde levels were approximately half those in conventional, new CA homes built before 2008. Emissions of ultrafine particles (with diameters <100 nm) were dramatically lower on induction electric cooktops, compared with either gas or resistance electric models. These results indicate that high performance homes can achieve acceptable and even exceptional IAQ by providing adequate general mechanical ventilation, using low-emitting materials, providing mechanical particle filtration, incorporating well-designed exhaust ventilation for kitchens and bathrooms, and educating occupants to use the kitchen and bath ventilation.3

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Heat recovery ventilators prevent respiratory disorders in Inuit children

Cited by 47 publications

References 30 publications

Housing characteristics and indoor air quality in households of Alaska Native children with chronic lung conditions

Housing characteristics and indoor air quality in households of Alaska Native children with chronic lung conditions

A decade of research in Inuit children, youth, and maternal health in Canada: areas of concentrations and scarcities

Indoor Air Quality in 24 California Residences Designed as High-Performance Homes

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