Heat Risks in Athletics

Hosokawa, Yuri; Adams, William M.

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-75889-3_6

Cited by 5 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 39 publications

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“…However, the thresholds can still be validated for a couple of reasons. First, evidence-based sport-specific thresholds have not yet been established [ 3 , 4 ]. Second, there are cases where the current upper thresholds are either too liberal [ 5 ] or conservative [ 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validation of upper thermal thresholds for outdoor sports using thermal physiology modelling

et al. 2023

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Thermal safety guidelines with upper thresholds aim to protect athletes’ health, yet evidence-based sport-specific thresholds remain unestablished. Experimenting with athletes in severely hot conditions raises ethical concerns, so we used a thermo-physiological model to validate the thresholds of guidelines for outdoor sports. First, the reproducibility of the joint system thermoregulation model (JOS-3) of core temperature has been validated for 18 sports experiments ( n = 213) and 11 general exercise experiments ( n = 121) using the Bland – Altman analysis. Then, core temperatures were predicted using the JOS-3 in conditions corresponding to the upper thresholds, and if the 90 th –99.7 th percentile core temperature value (corresponding to 0.3%–10% of the participants) exceeded 40°C, the thresholds were judged as potentially hazardous. Finally, we proposed revisions for sports with potentially hazardous thresholds. As a result, the JOS-3 could simulate core temperature increases in most experiments (27/29) for six sports and general exercises with an accuracy of 0.5°C. The current upper thresholds for marathons, triathlons, and football are potentially hazardous. Suggested revisions, based on specified percentiles, include: Football: revise from wet bulb globe temperature (WBGT) 32°C to 29–31°C or not revise. Marathon: revise from WBGT 28°C to 24–27°C. Triathlon: revise from WBGT 32.2°C to 23–26°C. If conducting sports events under the revised upper thresholds proves difficult, taking measures for a possible high incidence of heat illness becomes crucial, such as placing additional medical resources, assisting heat acclimatization and cooling strategies for participants, and rule changes such as shorter match times and increased breaks.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validation of upper thermal thresholds for outdoor sports using thermal physiology modelling

et al. 2023

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Heat Stress During American Football

Adams

Belval

Hosokawa

et al. 2019

Heat Stress in Sport and Exercise

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American football is a team sport involving cycles of short duration, high-intensity bouts of exercise followed by a brief period of recovery. With the competitive season starting in August in the Northern hemisphere, athletes are subjected to potential extreme environmental conditions, which may have detrimental effects on athlete safety and performance. The purpose of this chapter is to discuss the physical characteristics of American football followed by the various strategies that can be utilized to maximize performance and enhance safety during exercise in hot environmental conditions.

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Prospective heat stress risk assessment for professional soccer players in the context of the 2026 FIFA World Cup

Lindner-Cendrowska,

Leziak,

Bröde

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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This study investigates the risk of severe heat stress and associated potential water losses in professional soccer players, considering as well the oxygen content of the inhaled air in the context of the 2026 FIFA World Cup. For the 16 stadiums, hourly values of biometeorological indices (adjusted Universal Thermal Climate Index -UTCI, Water loss -SW and Oxygen volume -Ov) were calculated. UTCI adjustments included modifications to activity levels, movement speeds and clothing configurations to better reflect the level of thermal stress on soccer player during a match. Ten out of the sixteen sites of the 2026 FIFA World Cup are at very high risk of experiencing extreme heat stress conditions. The highest risk of uncompensable thermal stress due to very high average hourly UTCI values above 49.5 °C and excessive water loss (> 1.5 kg/h) occur in the afternoon in stadiums located in Arlington, Houston (USA) and in Monterrey (Mexico). The results of this study will enable optimization of match schedules at individual venues, taking into account the health risks associated with extreme heat stress, but also the physiological reactions to heat potentially affecting the performance of players on the pitch.

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Heat Risks in Athletics

Cited by 5 publications

References 39 publications

Validation of upper thermal thresholds for outdoor sports using thermal physiology modelling

Validation of upper thermal thresholds for outdoor sports using thermal physiology modelling

Heat Stress During American Football

Prospective heat stress risk assessment for professional soccer players in the context of the 2026 FIFA World Cup

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