Heat Scanning for the Fabrication of Conductive Fibers

Jang, Joung Soon; Zhou, Haoyu; Lee, Jungbae; Kim, Hakgae; In, Junyong

doi:10.3390/polym13091405

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 35 publications

(43 reference statements)

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“…[250,251] SCCFs acted as sensors that could be seamlessly integrated into the fibers or textiles-based wearables, adapting to the deformations of human skin and organisms to achieve high fidelity detection and real-time monitoring. [252,253] In terms of working mechanism or response targets, SCCFs have been widely exploited as various sensors such as mechanical sensors, [254][255][256][257][258][259][260][261][262][263][264][265][266][267][268][269][270][271][272][273] temperature sensors, [274][275][276][277][278][279] humidity sensors, [280][281][282][283] gas sensors, [258,284] and so on. [285] Herein, the sensors with adaptivity for different application scenarios will be highlighted.…”

Section: Sensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stretchable Composite Conductive Fibers for Wearables

Zhang

Zhou

et al. 2022

Adv Materials Technologies

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Fibers and textiles are attractive substrates for constructing wearables, the devices rely on conductive fibers with good stretchability to realize electrical conductivity and mechanical adaptivity. The exploitation of stretchable composite conductive fibers (SCCFs) requires diverse strategies in material options and process methods, tackling the challenge in balancing electrical and mechanical properties for ultrafine fiber, which highly determine the properties and applications. In this article, first the working mechanism and advantages of the SCCFs in wearables is introduced. Second, different conductive fillers as well as their respective incorporation strategies and performance superiorities in fabricating SCCFs are systematically summarized. Third, the integration routes of the conductive fillers in SCCFs are indicated and compared, presenting different fabrication strategies and mechanisms for improving the performance of SCCFs. Thereafter, the typical applications of SCCFs in energy management, sensing, actuators, heaters, and displays are highlighted. Accordingly, the main challenges of SCCFs for wearable applications are indicated, and the possible solutions for challenges tackling are proposed. This review prepared aims to highlight the importance of SCCFs in wearables, and provides insights in terms of mechanism, materials, fabrication, and performance improvement, paving a referable way to promote the innovative exploitation and development of SCCFs, extending the application scenarios.

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Section: Sensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stretchable Composite Conductive Fibers for Wearables

Zhang

Zhou

et al. 2022

Adv Materials Technologies

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“…Conductive aramid fibers have attracted extensive attention from researchers, as they can be used to fabricate functional fiber devices. , Various methods have been reported to prepare conductive aramid fibers, for example, blend spinning of conductive components and aramid polymers, chemical coating with conductive polymers, electrodeposition and electroless deposition of silver, nickel, or other metals, , and vacuum or sputter plating . Electroless plating is advantageous, in that it does not need large-scale instruments and equipment, which makes it possible to fabricate conductive aramid fibers at industrial scale. − In addition, the electroless plating process does not damage the mechanical properties of the fibers, which is essential in ensuring the usability of the fiber products.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conductive Aramid Fibers from Electroless Silver Plating of Crosslinked HPAMAM-Modified PPTA: Preparation and Properties

et al. 2022

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Conductive aramid (PPTA) fibers are highly needed for making flexible conductive materials, antistatic materials, and electromagnetic shielding materials. In this work, silver-plated conductive PPTA fibers with high conductivity and excellent mechanical properties were prepared by the electroless plating of PPTA fibers modified with crosslinked hyperbranched polyamide-amine (HPAMAM). The crosslinked HPAMAM creates a stable interface between the PPTA fibers and the silver plating. The morphology and physicochemical properties of the modified and the silver-plated fibers were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis. Three epoxy crosslinking agents with different chain lengths were used to crosslink HPAMAM, and the effects of HPAMAM concentration, crosslinking agent dosage, and crosslinking time on the resistance of the fibers were studied. The long chain crosslinking agent appears to be beneficial to silver plating. The lowest resistance (0.067 Ω/cm) was attained when HPAMAM was modified by diethylene glycol diglycidyl ether (1:1 molar ratio), and 20 g/L HPAMAM was used to modify the PPTA fibers. The tensile strength of the original PPTA fibers decreased by only 3% or less after silver plating.

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Design and Construction of Deformable Heaters: Materials, Structure, and Applications

Zhou

2021

Adv Elect Materials

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The technological evolution presents us with infinite possibilities of deformable electronics, far beyond what is possible with conventional electronics. [9][10][11][12] For the past few years, heaters' development has grown rapidly due to wearable electronics' advances and the growing need for practical medical requirements. [13][14][15] The advantages of heaters, such as lightweight, good heating stability, and flexibility, make heaters generally a better choice than conventional heating elements. Various heaters applications have been reported, including deicing devices [16][17][18][19][20] , thermal management devices [21][22][23][24][25] , healthcare [26][27][28][29] , wearable sensors [30][31][32] , etc. For instance, heaters can provide the warmth required to extend the operating temperature of liquid crystal displays (LCDs) in cold environments or can increase the temperature for antifogging systems, anti-icing, deicing of optics, or optical displays [33,34] .Conventional rigid heaters are usually using semiconductor or metallic materials as the heating elements, which have demonstrated stable and excellent performance. For example, Rao and co-workers [35] fabricated a transparent heater by physically depositing Au on a quartz substrate and using an acrylic resin as a crack sacrificial template. It is a transparent conductor with a low sheet resistance of 5.4 Ω sq −1 and a high-temperature heater that can reach ≈600 °C within 38 s by applying a voltage of 15 V. However, the heater is restricted in many applications with portable needs, such as human motion detection, wearable electronics, etc., due to the rigid and thick quartz substrate.As shown in Figure 1a, conventional heaters always consist of a heating element and rigid substrate, and the working principle of electrical heaters is based on the Joule effect and thermal diffusion. However, inherently rigid substrate limits the applications of conventional heaters [36] . Flexible and stretchable heaters had gained tremendous attention with the advances of soft electronics. [37][38][39] Flexible heaters can adapt to moderate deformation, such as bending and twisting. [40,41] And stretchable heaters have more application scenarios due to their stretchable characteristics. [42,43] In the last few years, deformable heaters have gained rapid development due to their wide strain range, good repeatability and low density. [44] Figure 1b shows different structure designs of deformable heaters. One of the most significant advantages Conventional heaters have evolved from traditional rigid heaters to flexible heaters, stretchable heaters, and deformable heaters for the development of soft electronics. Film-based or filament-based heaters can be designed and engineered to fulfill the deformable, adaptable and stretchable applications. Compared with conventional heaters, deformable heaters can maintain stable electrothermal property even with large deformation. Based on this, deformable heaters have shown great potential to be used in the field of Internet of Thin...

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Heat Scanning for the Fabrication of Conductive Fibers

Cited by 4 publications

References 35 publications

Stretchable Composite Conductive Fibers for Wearables

Stretchable Composite Conductive Fibers for Wearables

Conductive Aramid Fibers from Electroless Silver Plating of Crosslinked HPAMAM-Modified PPTA: Preparation and Properties

Design and Construction of Deformable Heaters: Materials, Structure, and Applications

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