Heat shock response enhanced by cell culture treatment in mouse embryonic stem cell-derived proliferating neural stem cells

Abstract

Cells have a regulatory mechanism known as heat shock (HS) response, which induces the expression of HS genes and proteins in response to heat and other cellular stresses. Exposure to moderate HS results in beneficial effects, such as thermotolerance and promotes survival, whereas excessive HS causes cell death. The effect of HS on cells depends on both exogenous factors, including the temperature and duration of heat application, and endogenous factors, such as the degree of cell differentiation. Neural stem cells (NSCs) can self-renew and differentiate into neurons and glial cells, but the changes in the HS response of symmetrically proliferating NSCs in culture are unclear. We evaluated the HS response of homogeneous proliferating NSCs derived from mouse embryonic stem cells during the proliferative phase and its effect on survival and cell death in vitro. The number of adherent cells and the expression ratios of HS protein (Hsp)40 and Hsp70 genes after exposure to HS for 20 min at temperatures above 43°C significantly increased with the extension of the culture period before exposure to HS. In contrast, caspase activity was significantly decreased by extension of the culture period before exposure to HS and suppressed the decrease in cell viability. These results suggest that the culture period before HS remarkably affects the HS response, influencing the expression of HS genes and cell survival of proliferating NSCs in culture.

Self‐Organization Formation of Multicellular Spheroids Mediated by Mechanically Tunable Hydrogel Platform: Toward Revealing the Synergy of Chemo‐ and Noninvasive Photothermal Therapy against Colon Microtumor

“…HSPs are a family of proteins that are produced by cells in response to exposure to stressful conditions. Among them, HSP70 and HSP90 are two major temperature sensitive members which confer resistance to cellular heat stress [ 22 ] and response to thermal stress both in vitro [ 23 ] and in vivo. [ 24 ] Human LGR5(+) colorectal cancer cells serve as CSCs in growing cancer tissues.…”

Regional random mutagenesis driven by multiple sgRNAs and diverse on-target genome editing events to identify functionally important elements in non-coding regions

“…To validate the efficacy of our method, further comparative analysis under in vitro and in vivo conditions remains to be performed. We selected mES cells as these can be used to recapitulate biological development in vitro and in vivo [ 28 , 42 ]. Organoids are one example of a rapid evaluation system for such functional analysis [ 43 ].…”

Hyperthermia alters neurobehavior by affecting cell proliferation and neuronal survival in young male rats

“…On the other hand, there were no change in the number of TUNEL (+) cells in CA1 region, whereas it was significantly increased in cortex, DG at 39°C, and CC at both temperatures. The lack of significance for differences in the number of both BrdU (+) and TUNEL (+) cells in DG between the control and 41°C groups may be attributed to the stimulatory effect of heat stress on neuronal stem cell proliferation at 41°C as a compensatory mechanism against the neuronal loss in the hippocampus (Omori et al, 2021). On the other hand, the reason of that although the neuronal survival decreases in the CA1 region, while the number of apoptotic cells was not changed and both apoptosis and neuronal loss increases in DG may be due the fact that neuronal loss in CA1 region occurs via necrosis rather than apoptosis (White et al, 2007).…”