Heat Shock Response of<i>Archaeoglobus fulgidus</i>

Rohlin, Lars; Trent, Jonathan D.; Salmon, Kirsty; Kim, Unmi; Gunsalus, Robert P.; Liao, James C.

doi:10.1128/jb.187.17.6046-6057.2005

Cited by 58 publications

(60 citation statements)

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“…Several studies have employed DNA microarrays to study changes in mRNA patterns under various stress conditions (7,10,27,(30)(31)(32). As mRNA levels do not necessarily mirror protein levels, we studied the fates and expression levels of various components of the S. solfataricus core transcriptional machinery under different stress conditions.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Both TF55␣ and -␤ are highly conserved in S. solfataricus and Sulfolobus acidocaldarius and in other crenarchaeotes. Several studies have employed DNA microarraybased methods to identify sets of genes whose expression is impacted by heat shock (7,10,27,(30)(31)(32). In S. solfataricus, heat shock affects expression of about one-third of the genes, some of which are transcribed 30 min after heat shock (32).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Selective Depletion of Sulfolobus solfataricus Transcription Factor E under Heat Shock Conditions

Iqbal

Qureshi

2010

J Bacteriol

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Archaeal transcriptional machinery is similar to that of eukaryotes. We studied the fates of various components of the Sulfolobus solfataricus transcriptional apparatus under different stresses and found that in cells incubated at 90°C for 1 h, transcription factor E (TFE) is selectively depleted, but its mRNA levels are increased. We discuss the implications of these findings.The archaeal transcriptional apparatus closely resembles the eukaryotic RNA polymerase II system (11). Biochemical studies have shown that the core components of the Sulfolobus transcriptional machinery are comprised of a TATA-binding protein (TBP), transcription factor B-1 (TFB1), and a 13-subunit RNA polymerase and that all three components are essential for accurate and efficient transcription from a variety of promoters (2,9,16,20,25,28,35). TBP and TFB1 bind sequence specifically to the A box and BRE, respectively, and the resulting ternary complex recruits RNA polymerase (1,3,4,29). The Sulfolobus solfataricus genome also encodes other proteins implicated in transcription, such as transcription factor E (TFE), TBP-interacting protein 49 (TIP-49), and two TFB1 paralogs, TFB2 and TFB3 (6), but their respective roles in this process are less well understood.In eukaryotes, TFIIE serves as a general transcription factor (GTF), composed of ␣ and ␤ subunits, that is essential for recruiting TFIIH (23). Deletion analysis of TFIIE␣ has demonstrated that its 20-kDa N-terminal region is required for it to maintain function (21) and that this region is conserved in archaeal TFE (2, 15). Archaeal TFE contains a winged helixturn-helix structure in its N-terminal region, which, along with other surfaces that mediate protein-protein interactions, is conserved in TFIIE␣ (24). Like TFIIE␣, archaeal TFE also interacts with TBP and RNA polymerase (2, 37). Additionally, there appears to be functional interdependence between archaeal TFE and TFB, since mutations in one can be complemented by the other (34). Biochemical studies have found that TFE associates with the RNA polymerase, stimulates transcription from some promoters, and is a part of both initiation and elongation complexes (2,14,34). Taken together, these findings suggest that, like eukaryotic TFIIE, archaeal TFE is also a GTF that is essential for gene transcription. No homolog of any of the TFIIH subunits has been found in archaea.The heat shock response is widespread in organisms belonging to all three domains of life and allows cells to cope with thermal stress (8). In the euryarchaeote Pyrococcus furiosus, heat shock is sensed directly by the negatively acting transcription factor Phr, which dissociates from the DNA at elevated temperatures, allowing heat shock genes to be transcribed (33). While the mechanism through which heat shock is sensed in crenarchaeotes remains unknown, transient exposure of Sulfolobus shibatae to temperatures between 85 and 90°C rapidly culminates in the accumulation of heat shock proteins TF55␣ and -␤, which, together with TF55␥, assemble into rosettasomes (18,1...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Selective Depletion of Sulfolobus solfataricus Transcription Factor E under Heat Shock Conditions

Iqbal

Qureshi

2010

J Bacteriol

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“…In addition, analysis of the draft genome sequence of M. barkeri identified four genes with high identity to groEL genes (with E-value <1e-125), and transcriptomic analysis showed that two of the genes, MbraA_1201 and MbraA_1543 were induced by heat shock, suggesting that a mechanism based on Hsp60 played important roles in stress response to heat shock in archaeal M. barkeri. Just before our study, the first microarray analysis of heat shock response in Archaea was done just recently in hyperthermophilic archaeon Archaeoglobus fulgidus [29]. The analysis showed that expression of a total of 14% of the genes in the A. fulgidus genome was differentially regulated after 60 min of heat shock treatment.…”

Section: Overview Of Gene Expression Under Stress Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The analysis showed that expression of a total of 14% of the genes in the A. fulgidus genome was differentially regulated after 60 min of heat shock treatment. While there is no Hsp70 gene annotated in A. fulgidus, the genes encoding the HSP60s and the small heat shock protein (sHsp20) were heat induced [29].…”

Section: Overview Of Gene Expression Under Stress Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

DNA microarray analysis of anaerobic Methanosarcina barkeri reveals responses to heat shock and air exposure

Zhang

Culley

Brockman

2006

J IND MICROBIOL BIOTECHNOL

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Methanosarcina barkeri is a methanogenic archaeon that can digest cellulose and other polysaccharides to produce methane. It can only grow under strictly anoxic conditions, but which can survive air exposure. To obtain further knowledge of cellular changes occurring in M. barkeri in response to air exposure and other environmental stresses, we constructed the first oligonucleotide microarray for M. barkeri and used it to investigate the global transcriptomic responses of M. barkeri to air exposure and heat shock at 45 degrees C for 1 h. The results showed that various house-keeping genes, such as genes involved in DNA replication recombination and repair, energy production and conversion, and protein turnover were regulated by environmental stimuli. In response to air exposure, up-regulation of a large number of transposase encoding genes was observed. However, no differential expression of genes encoding superoxide dismutase, catalase, nonspecific peroxidases or thioredoxin reductase was observed in response to air exposure, implying that no significant level of reactive oxygen species has been formed under air exposure. In response to heat shock, both Hsp70 (DnaK-DnaJ-GrpE chaperone system) the Hsp60 (GroEL) systems were up-regulated, suggesting that they may play an important role in protein biogenesis in M. barkeri during heat stress.

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“…The ability to cope with environmental stress is essential to microorganisms (1,34,39), including those thriving in extreme environments relative to temperature (4,10,21,28,42,45,50,52), pressure (9,31,35,44,51), ionic strength (47), acidity (30,53), alkalinity (26), metals (15,37), and radiation (25,36,43). Certain crenarchaea, such as members of the Sulfolobales, occupy niches that are biologically extreme in two respects: low pH and elevated temperature (19).…”

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Dynamic Metabolic Adjustments and Genome Plasticity Are Implicated in the Heat Shock Response of the Extremely Thermoacidophilic ArchaeonSulfolobus solfataricus

Tachdjian

Kelly

2006

J Bacteriol

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Approximately one-third of the open reading frames encoded in the Sulfolobus solfataricus genome were differentially expressed within 5 min following an 80 to 90°C temperature shift at pH 4.0. This included many toxin-antitoxin loci and insertion elements, implicating a connection between genome plasticity and metabolic regulation in the early stages of stress response.The ability to cope with environmental stress is essential to microorganisms (1, 34, 39), including those thriving in extreme environments relative to temperature (4, 10, 21, 28, 42, 45, 50, 52), pressure (9, 31, 35, 44, 51), ionic strength (47), acidity (30, 53), alkalinity (26), metals (15, 37), and radiation (25,36,43). Certain crenarchaea, such as members of the Sulfolobales, occupy niches that are biologically extreme in two respects: low pH and elevated temperature (19). Key to their physiological function is a transmembrane proton gradient that renders intracellular pH close to neutral. As such, maintaining cytosolic pH in the face of thermal stress-induced cellular damage involves complex genetic and metabolic strategies (40). To examine such mechanisms for extreme thermoacidophiles at supraoptimal temperatures, the heat shock response of Sulfolobus solfataricus (49, 55) was studied using genome-wide transcriptional response.A whole-genome oligonucleotide microarray for Sulfolobus solfataricus P2 (DSMZ, Germany) was developed (49). Probes were designed in OligoArray 2.0 (46), custom synthesized (Integrated DNA Technologies, Coralville, IA), and printed onto arrays following protocols previously developed for other hyperthermophiles (14, 20, 50); five replicates per probe were spotted on each array to fortify statistical analysis. S. solfataricus was routinely grown at 80°C and pH 4.0 on DSMZ 182 medium; cells were enumerated using epifluorescence microscopy with acridine orange stain (13). The heat shock time course experiment was carried out as described in the legend for Fig. 1A. RNA was extracted from chilled culture samples (12). cDNA synthesis, microarray hybridizations (Fig. 1B), and data collection were performed as described previously (12), with minor adjustments for long oligonucleotide platforms. Data from each experiment were analyzed with SAS 9.0 (SAS, Cary, NC) (42), using a mixed linear analysis of variance model (54). A Ϯ2.0-fold change (FC) or higher defined differential expression.Transcriptional response to heat stress. When S. solfataricus was shifted from 80 to 90°C at pH 4.0, approximately one-third of the genome responded (1,088 genes, 551 up/537 down) within 5 min after the culture reached 90°C. Differential expression was less pronounced after this initial period; ϳ300 genes (161 up/144 down) changed between 5 and 30 min, and only 30 genes (18 up/12 down) changed between 30 and 60 min (Table 1 and Fig. 2). Table 2 lists selected heat shock (HS)-responsive genes involved in basic metabolic functions and regulation. S. solfataricus relies on HSP20 family small heat shock proteins (sHSPs) (27), the thermosome/rosetta...

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Heat Shock Response ofArchaeoglobus fulgidus

Cited by 58 publications

References 50 publications

Selective Depletion of Sulfolobus solfataricus Transcription Factor E under Heat Shock Conditions

Selective Depletion of Sulfolobus solfataricus Transcription Factor E under Heat Shock Conditions

DNA microarray analysis of anaerobic Methanosarcina barkeri reveals responses to heat shock and air exposure

Dynamic Metabolic Adjustments and Genome Plasticity Are Implicated in the Heat Shock Response of the Extremely Thermoacidophilic ArchaeonSulfolobus solfataricus

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