Heat source model for Enhanced Geothermal Systems (EGS) under different geological conditions in China

Lin, Wenjing; Wang, Guiling; Gan, Haonan; Zhang, Shengsheng; Zhi-qiang, Zhao; Yue, Gaofan; Long, Xiaoyang

doi:10.1016/j.gr.2022.08.007

Cited by 38 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…From the perspective of heat preservation, the low thermal conductivity of the sedimentary cover is likely able to preserve the basal heat and prevent meteoric water from infiltrating and cooling the rock. Standard onedimensional steady-state heat transfer equation simulations show that a granite basement covered by a sedimentary cap is 30-40°C warmer than that without a sedimentary cap at a depth of about 5 km, under the same physical parameters (Lin et al, 2022b). However, the average thermal conductivity of sedimentary rocks in SE China is higher than the average thermal conductivity of crustal rocks (Zhao and Luo, 1995), thus the role of sedimentary cover in preventing heat loss may be relatively limited.…”

Section: Analysis Of the Sedimentary Cover Of The Hydrothermal Systemmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…SE China is a typical 'cold crust-hot mantle' structure and mantle heat plays an important role in the heat source, which is completely different from the 'hot crust-cold mantle' structure of the Tibetan Plateau (Jiang et al, 2019). However, recent studies in Zhangzhou and Huizhou in SE China have shown that the major part of surface heat flow comes from crustal radiogenic heat production, the mantle contribution being slightly lower than that of the crust, which belongs to the 'hot crust and cold mantle' type thermal structure (Gan et al, 2022;Lin et al, 2022b). The surface heat flow in Zhangzhou and Huizhou show that their mantle heat flow contributions are 33.6 and 31.01 mW/m 2 , respectively, which are basically identical (Lin et al, 2022b).…”

Section: Analysis Of Hydrothermal System Heat Sourcementioning

confidence: 98%

“…The measured heat flow and radiogenic heat production obtained from boreholes provide parameters for construction of the lithospheric thermal structure and the lithospheric thermal thickness. The borehole temperature logging, thermal conductivity and radiogenic heat production were collected from five boreholes located in Fujian (HDR-1), Guangdong (HR1), Jiangxi (GX01), Leizhou Peninsular (X-4) and Hainan (L15X) in SE China (Table 1; Chen et al, 1991;Zhao et al, 2016;Gan et al, 2022;Lin et al, 2022b). The accuracy of the lithospheric thermal structure under onedimensional steady-state heat conduction conditions is governed by the thermal properties of the rocks of different layers of the lithosphere, mainly including the assignment of thermal conductivity and radiogenic heat production, of which thermal conductivity is better corrected by equations for depth (Furlong and Chapman, 2013;Gan et al, 2022), while a better empirical formula for heat generation rate is not yet available.…”

Section: Thermal Lithospheric Thickness Variations Revealed By Boreholesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, recent studies in Zhangzhou and Huizhou in SE China have shown that the major part of surface heat flow comes from crustal radiogenic heat production, the mantle contribution being slightly lower than that of the crust, which belongs to the 'hot crust and cold mantle' type thermal structure (Gan et al, 2022;Lin et al, 2022b). The surface heat flow in Zhangzhou and Huizhou show that their mantle heat flow contributions are 33.6 and 31.01 mW/m 2 , respectively, which are basically identical (Lin et al, 2022b). The mantle heat flow contribution of Zhangzhou is slightly larger, due to the relatively thin crust.…”

Section: Analysis Of Hydrothermal System Heat Sourcementioning

confidence: 99%

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Hydrothermal Systems Characterized by Crustal Thermally‐dominated Structures of Southeastern China

Wang

Gan

Lin

et al. 2023

Acta Geologica Sinica (Eng)

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Southeastern China (SE China) is located in the Pacific tectonic domain and has experienced a series of tectono–magmatic activities induced by the subduction of the Paleo–Pacific Plate since the late Mesozoic. The subduction formed a series of NE‐NNE oriented faults under the NW‐SE regional stress field, along which a number of thermal springs occur. Previous studies have focused on the genesis mechanism of specific geothermal field in SE China, but the generality characteristic of hydrothermal systems in SE China remains unclear. In this paper, we investigate the correlation between geothermal activity, hydrochemical type, and regional faults by studying the distribution of hydrothermal activity and geochemical properties of typical hydrothermal systems in SE China. The hydrothermal systems in SE China have the crustal thermal–dominated structures genesis unique to the specific geological and tectonic conditions of the Eurasian Plate margin. The upwelling of the asthenosphere and the widespread granitoids with high radiogenic heat production in SE China provide major heat sources for the regional geothermal anomalies. The NE–oriented crustal thermal–dominant faults are critical for the formation of geothermal anomalies. and NW–oriented extensional faults have created favorable conditions for meteoric water infiltration, transport and form thermal springs.

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Section: Analysis Of the Sedimentary Cover Of The Hydrothermal Systemmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Analysis Of Hydrothermal System Heat Sourcementioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Thermal Lithospheric Thickness Variations Revealed By Boreholesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Analysis Of Hydrothermal System Heat Sourcementioning

confidence: 99%

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Hydrothermal Systems Characterized by Crustal Thermally‐dominated Structures of Southeastern China

Wang

Gan

Lin

et al. 2023

Acta Geologica Sinica (Eng)

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“…Because of the complexities of natural geological conditions, the characteristics of geothermal fields are not uniform [52,53]. The "optimal" reinjection water might be complicated to find [54].…”

Section: Implications For Sandstone Reinjection Blockage Reductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Permeability and Porosity Changes in Sandstone Reservoir by Geothermal Fluid Reinjection: Insights from a Laboratory Study

Gan

Liu

Wang

et al. 2022

Water

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Geothermal energy is a clean and environmentally friendly energy source that can be used sustainably; however, attention towards geothermal energy has been intermittent during the last 40 years as a function of the crisis of oil price. However, geothermal reinjection and clogging has been a challenge limiting geothermal development and utilization. In China, widely distributed sandstone geothermal reservoirs have reduced production due to technical constraints such as excessive reinjection pressure and blockage. In this paper, we took the Binzhou sandstone geothermal field in North China as an example and conducted displacement experiments under different temperature and flow rate conditions by collecting in situ geothermal fluid and core rock to obtain changes in sandstone permeability. By comparing the variation in geochemical and mineral composition of geothermal fluids and cores before and after the experiments, combined with a water–rock interaction simulation, we investigated the reasons for the changes in permeability and porosity. The results show that high temperature and low flow rate have relatively minimal displacement pressure, and a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min at 45 °C shows a minimal effect on permeability, while 1.0 mL/min at 55 °C and 0.5 mL/min at 45 °C show a minimal effect on porosity. Flow rate is the main factor controlling permeability, while temperature demonstrated a relatively minor effect. The shift in permeability and porosity is mainly caused by the precipitation of quartz and the conversion of albite to montmorillonite. The injection of fluids at 55 °C may have dissolved additional minerals with a minimal change in porosity. However, the permeability reduction at 55 °C is greater than that at 45 °C, indicating that the blockage, which led to the permeability reduction, contains multiple causes, such as chemical and physical blockages. From the laboratory studies, we recommended that reinjected geothermal water be cooled or kept below the reservoir temperature before reinjection and at moderate flow conditions.

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Roughness Characterization of Hydraulically Induced Fractures in Anisotropic Granite

Diaz,

Kim,

Kim

et al. 2024

Rock Mech Rock Eng

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Heat source model for Enhanced Geothermal Systems (EGS) under different geological conditions in China

Cited by 38 publications

References 28 publications

Hydrothermal Systems Characterized by Crustal Thermally‐dominated Structures of Southeastern China

Hydrothermal Systems Characterized by Crustal Thermally‐dominated Structures of Southeastern China

Permeability and Porosity Changes in Sandstone Reservoir by Geothermal Fluid Reinjection: Insights from a Laboratory Study

Roughness Characterization of Hydraulically Induced Fractures in Anisotropic Granite

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