Heat transfer analysis in Darcy Forchheimer flow of hybrid nanofluid for multiple shape effects over a curved stretching surface

Modeling and simulation for Cattaneo–Christov heat analysis of entropy optimized hybrid nanomaterial flow

“…The governing equations satisfy: 44–49 with 50–52 In the above expressions ( u , v ) depict velocity components, μ hnf the dynamic viscosity, ρ hnf the density, ( r , s ) signify the Cartesian coordinates, σ hnf the electrical conductivity, the inertia coefficient, k p the porous medium permeability coefficient, R the radius of curvature, ( ρc p ) hnf the heat capacitance, C b the drag force coefficient, L the reference length, T the temperature, k hnf the thermal conductivity, c p the specific heat, T ∞ the ambient temperature, δ E the heat relaxation time, B 0 the magnetic field strength, T w the wall temperature and p the pressure.…”

Flow and heat transfer of Al2O3and γ-Al2O3through a channel with non-parallel walls: a numerical study

“…The temperature curve for a variety of a values is shown in Fig. (20). An increase in the value of a for the diverging channel/ stretching situation may be investigated, and it can be found that this leads to an increase in temperature.…”

Darcy-Forchheimer Hybrid Nanofluids Flow in Inner Extending and Outer Static Coaxial Cylinders for Thermal Applications

“…In heat transfer applications, porous media have a significant impact on the overall heat transfer process [20]. The Darcy-Forchheimer model takes into account the resistance to flow within the porous medium, including both viscous and inertial effects [21,22]. This model is particularly useful in situations where fluid flow is confined like the flow between two cylinders [23].…”