Heat Transfer and Pressure Loss of Additively Manufactured Internal Cooling Channels With Various Shapes

Abstract

Additive manufacturing (AM) provides the ability to fabricate highly customized internal cooling passages that are relevant to gas turbine components. This experimental study examines the pressure loss and heat transfer performance of a range of fundamental channel shapes that were produced using direct metal laser sintering. Circular, hexagonal, pentagonal, elliptical, diamond, square, rectangular, trapezoidal, and triangular channel cross-sections were investigated. To maintain the same convective surface area between shapes, the wetted perimeters of the channel cross-sections were kept constant. Parallel computational fluid dynamic simulations were performed to understand the relationships in cooling performance between several channel shapes. Several characteristic length scales were evaluated to scale the pressure loss and heat transfer measurements. Among the channel shapes investigated, the diamond channel showed the lowest Nusselt number and friction factor. The pentagon exhibited a similar Nusselt number as the circular channel despite having a lower friction factor. There was no difference in scaling the friction factor or Nusselt number results of the different channels shapes between using the square root of cross-sectional area compared to hydraulic diameter as the characteristic length scale.

Advanced Gas Turbine Cooling for the Carbon-Neutral Era

“…The issues with internal surface roughness have led to a large number of both experimental and numerical publications on this issue. The former are the center of attention of the researchers at Penn State University, although others are increasingly making contributions [181][182][183][184][185][186][187][188]. Stimpson et al [187] emphasize the increased surface roughness in AM parts.…”