Heat transfer in 3-D air gap between garment and body surface

Zhang, Yijie; Jia, Juhong

doi:10.1080/10407782.2021.1929267

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…It should be noted that the density of the fabric initially increases and subsequently decreases as the content of BNNS increases. Specifically, CT/BN6 exhibits the highest density, achieving 0.91 g/cm 3 , whereas CT/BN8 shows a density of 0.86 g/cm 3 . This trend can be attributed to the accumulation of excess BNNS on the surface, leading to pore clogging, which generally impedes the formation of effective heat conduction networks.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The human surface microclimate refers to the climatic conditions surrounding the body, involving temperature, humidity, and airflow. − This microclimate significantly influences human comfort and health. Maintaining suitable temperature and humidity levels is vital to ensure bodily comfort, preventing the discomfort of feeling excessively hot or cold, and minimizing moisture-related issues. − These optimal conditions also mitigate skin problems, such as dryness or excessive sweating.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Thermally Conductive Boron Nitride Nanosheets on Electrospun Thermoplastic Polyurethane for Wearable Janus-Type Fabrics with Simultaneous Thermal and Moisture Management

Huang,

Li,

et al. 2024

ACS Appl. Nano Mater.

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Fabric comfort is essential for maintaining both physiological and psychological well-being. The inherent low thermal conductivity and single-layer porous structure of traditional cotton fabrics compromise the body's cooling pathways and moisture management capabilities. Multifunctional fabrics, combining excellent thermal conductivity with superior moisture management, are emerging as potential candidates for the next generation of human thermal management textiles. In this study, a straightforward strategy for preparing dual-function wearable Janus-type fabric is proposed involving electrospinning thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer onto the surface of cellulose cotton fiber and concurrently loading thermally conductive boron nitride nanosheets. The prepared fabric exhibits excellent thermal and moisture management characteristics. It achieves a thermal conductivity of 0.307 W/mK, reducing overall thermal resistance to 10.62 K cm 2 /W. The practical indoor and outdoor tests in winter demonstrate that the surface temperature of the fabric in contact with human skin is 2.9 and 3.1 °C higher than that of the common fabric, suggesting its favorable heat dissipation ability. The construction of a dual wetting gradient allows for directed moisture transport within the fabric, with a water evaporation rate of 0.276 g/h. Additionally, its robust thermal stability and excellent mechanical properties ensure its reliability for prolonged wearable device applications.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermally Conductive Boron Nitride Nanosheets on Electrospun Thermoplastic Polyurethane for Wearable Janus-Type Fabrics with Simultaneous Thermal and Moisture Management

Huang,

Li,

et al. 2024

ACS Appl. Nano Mater.

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“…where the Q dot is local heat flux, T wall is wall temperature and T ref is reference temperature, namely, inflow air temperature. The detailed definition and meaning of other parameters can be found in reference file (Belhocine and Bouchetara, 2013;Jia et al, 2020;Zhang and Jia, 2021b).…”

Section: Heat Transfer Calculation Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The detailed definition and meaning of other parameters can be found in reference file (Belhocine and Bouchetara, 2013; Jia et al. , 2020; Zhang and Jia, 2021b).…”

Section: Methods and Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization design of custom pattern based on microclimate heat transfer

Zhang,

Guo,

Wei

et al. 2024

IJCST

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PurposeThe aim of this paper is to achieve a reasonable microclimate between clothing and the human body and optimize the custom dress pattern.Design/methodology/approachAn interactive design method of 3D modeling, virtual try-on and heat transfer simulation are used. First, a 3D dress is designed with nonuniform rational B-splines curves and tried on virtually. After that, the heat transfer in the body-air-clothing microclimate and temperature distributions on the clothing surface are obtained. Based on the heat transfer in the body-air-clothing system, we design a method to improve the thermal comfort by optimizing the garment pattern digitally. Then, this paper utilized two heat transfer validating indexes to quantify the improvement of thermal comfort, and evaluate the modified model of dress.FindingsThe microclimate under the clothing is varied with the air gap distance, and the heat transfer on the area of the clavicle, bust point and front abandon are higher than other parts due to the narrow air gaps. In view of thermal comfort, the pattern optimization changes the distance ease and reforms the air circulating efficiency. The mean heat transfer and its standard variance are changing by about 10% and more than 20%. Thus, the heat transfer evaluation indexes are suitable to represent the heat transfer and thermal comfort in the microclimate system.Research limitations/implicationsIt can be concluded that the methodology proposed in this paper has the advantage of interactive design, 3D visualization and local heat transfer simulation. This technology meets the need of personalized customization and well-considered garment and has broad application prospects.Originality/valueThis study demonstrates that modifying the distance ease on body key girths based on heat transfer is a reliable way to improve thermal comfort. This method meets the consumers’ demand of the comfort of body-fit clothing under the condition of daily activities.

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“…The surface around the neck and arm is considered an outlet. The body's skin is regarded as a conductive, convective wall with an emissivity of 0.98 [15]. Due to the consideration of garment wearing comfort and fabric properties, the cloth is considered a smooth surface, and the fabric is twill woven fabric (with a component of 97% cotton and 3% Spandex, weight of 245 g/m 2 , and 0.42 mm of thickness).…”

Section: Mathematical Modeling and Boundary Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Prediction of the Heat Transfer in Air Gap of Different Garment Models

Zhang

Lyu

et al. 2022

AUTEX Research Journal

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This study aims to investigate the characteristics of heat transfer and its mechanism for styling a design garment differently, and to improve thermal comfort caused by clothing styling design, a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) approach has been used to perform numerical investigations of fluid flow and heat transfer across a clothing air gap. Relationships between the heat transfer from the body to clothing (computed by heat transfer equations) and the air gap were examined by body heat loss of different styles of garments. Also, the clothing temperature distribution of different garments was obtained and compared. Computed results reveal that the air gap can play a central role in the heat transfer from the body to the surface of different style garments. When the air gap is small enough, namely about 5 mm in the chest and bust of the X-type of clothing, the conductive heat flux can transfer through the air gap and reach the cloth surface easily, which will bring about the increase of temperature on the clothing surface. The decreasing air gap distance from 50 mm (O-type) to 10 mm (X-type) increases the convective heat flux by up to 25% on the waist. However, the airspeed will increase to greater numbers while the air gap decreases to narrow channels, and it will bring about fierce forced convection heat flux. So the heat transfer must be considered in the process of garment design, and the air gap should be kept at a suitable level. These findings can be used to improve the clothing’s thermal comfort or optimize the cloth structure.

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Heat transfer in 3-D air gap between garment and body surface

Cited by 7 publications

References 21 publications

Thermally Conductive Boron Nitride Nanosheets on Electrospun Thermoplastic Polyurethane for Wearable Janus-Type Fabrics with Simultaneous Thermal and Moisture Management

Thermally Conductive Boron Nitride Nanosheets on Electrospun Thermoplastic Polyurethane for Wearable Janus-Type Fabrics with Simultaneous Thermal and Moisture Management

Optimization design of custom pattern based on microclimate heat transfer

Numerical Prediction of the Heat Transfer in Air Gap of Different Garment Models

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