Heat Transfer in Sodium—Potassium Alloy

Baker, Robert A.; Sesonske, Alexander

doi:10.13182/nse62-a26165

Cited by 21 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…The present correlation of the data of Talanov and Ushakov [14] (Eq. (1)) falls between those reported by Skupinski et al [12] and Subbotin et al [13], is slightly below that of Baker and Sesonske [4], and well below that of Lyon. This correlation was based on Lyon's own experimental measurements and the theoretical work performed by both him [10] and Martinelli [29].…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 42%

“…Fig. 14 compares the developed Nu correlation, based on in the experimental measurements of Talanov and Ushakov [14] to others reported for liquid sodium and different NaK alloys in uniformly heated tubes [4,10,12,13]. The correlation of Lyon [10] consistently predicts 12-28% higher Nu values than all the other correlations (Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 54%

“…The reported Nu values for fully developed flows in the experiments [14], for a wide range of Pe (80 6 Pe 6 6490) and those calculated in this work at Pe = 80, 163, 408, 796, 1217, 1770, 3080, and 5470 are compared and correlated. The developed Nu correlation is compared to those reported by others for alkali liquid metals of Na, NaK-48, and NaK-56 in uniformly heated tubes [4,10,12,13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Therefore, there is a need to develop a convection heat transfer correlation for these liquid metals in tri-lobe channels. Many experimental data and correlations have been reported for turbulent convection heat-transfer and pressure losses of alkali liquid metals and alloys in circular tubes [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. However, to the best of the authors' knowledge, there are none available for tri-lobe flow channels (Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Convection heat transfer of NaK-78 liquid metal in a circular tube and a tri-lobe channel

Schriener

El‐Genk

2015

International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 42%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 54%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Convection heat transfer of NaK-78 liquid metal in a circular tube and a tri-lobe channel

Schriener

El‐Genk

2015

International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer

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“…With the inlet and outlet temperatures and heat flux known, the bulk fluid temperature was determined as a function of length along the vertical heater. Three chromelalumel thermocouples were spot welded to the outside tube wall in the middle of Key Words: 9,9,8,8, Heat Exchangers-9, Three-Phase-0, Coalescence-6, Turbulence-6.Abstract: Initial diameters of drops of volatile fluids evaporating in immiscible liquids were found to affect the heat transfer coefficients in single-and multidrop systems. The effect in the latter systems decreases with increased coalescence.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of heat transfer to liquid metals flowing in circular tubes

Holtz

1965

AIChE Journal

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u, v = velocities in the boundary Greek Letters closed a t an arbitrary cross = boundary-layer thickness layer in x and y directions, respectively 6" = dimensionless boundary-layer central core Equations (1) and ( 2 ) are in fair agreement with each other. Recent data from the Brookhaven National Laboratory ( 3 ) appear to be in reasonable agreement with both expressions.Other investigators have reported lower results. Lubarsky and Kaufman This is in agreement with the experimental results of Petukhov and YushinThe purpose of this communication is to report information gained in an experiment in which a constant heat flux was supplied to liquid sodiumpotassium flowing vertically in a circular tube. Data obtained ftom this experiment are in the laminar, transition, and turbulent regions. ( 6 ) . EXPERIMENTAL APPARATUSA schematic diagram of the experimental loop is shown in Figure 1. The loop was constructed primarily of 0.500 in. O.D., 0.035 in. wall, type 316 stainless steel and was contained within an evacuated enclosure. Sodium-potassium alloy (NaK-78) was used as the heat transfer fluid. The loop contained a 16-in. long thermal radiation heated test section. Radiation shields surrounded the heated section to reduce heat losses. Heat was removed from the loop by means of a cooling coil designed to remove heat by thermal radiation. An electromagnetic pump was used for circulating the sodiunipotassium and an e.m. flowmeter was used for obtaining flow rates. Chromelalumel thermocouples were employed to measure temperatures at key points in the system. The loop was pressurized by utilizing an argon gas blanket on the sodiumpotassium surface in the dump tank.The vertical thermal radiation heated test section consisted of a 0.500-in. O.D., 0.035-in. wall, type 316 stainless steel tube containing the flowing sodiumpotassium. The tube was surrounded by two half cylindrical shaped tantalum elements which were 16 in. long and electrically heated. The test section had an L/D ratio of 37. Heat was transferred from the 0.003-in. thick heating elements to the tube containing the flowing sodiumpotassium by thermal radiation. The heat was then conducted through the tube wall to the liquid sodium-potassium.The heat flux was determined both by utilizing an energy balance on the sodiumpotassium passing through the thermal radiation heater and from power measurements less calculated losses. These two techniques for determining the heat flux showed excellent agreement (within 4 % ) . The heat flux was uniform along the heated length except for a sharp decrease within approximately 1 in. of both the heater inlet and heater outlet.Two chromel-alumel thermocouples were located both at the inlet and at the outlet of the heated section to measure the sodium-potassium temperature at these points. These thermocouples were located several inches from both the actual heater inlet and heater outlet to eliminate any heater end effects upon the thermocouple readings and to assure proper mixing of the fluid at the heater outlet. With the inle...

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Nonequilibrium, inverse temperature profile in boiling liquid‐metal two‐phase flow

Chen

1965

AIChE Journal

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briefly described (details are available in reference 5). Air was the working fluid. The test section consisted of a 4-in. diameter outer tube and a series of three interchangeable inner tubes. The resulting duct radius ratios were rJrZ = 0.28, 0.56, and 0.75. Any value of the eccentricity 4 could be attained by adjusting the position of the inner -T o ) ranged from +4.2" to -9°F.The runs with negative temperature differences were first thought to be in error, but repeated checks of the experi-Abstract: The results of rigorous numerical solutions of the general equations of motion are presented for isothermal, laminar, Newtonian flow in a tube entrance region for a uniform entrance velocity. Computed velocity profiles, entrance lengths, and pressure gradients are compared with previous theoretical and experimental results. I Abstract: This work is part of a research program on photochemical reactor design and scale-up. The approach taken in this study wos to formulote the partial differential equations which describe a continuous tubular photochemical reactor and to extract from the dimensionless form of these equations the dimensionless groups upon which reactor performance should depend. Diffusion through the liquid-liquid interface: Part II. Interfacial resistance in three-component syeems, Ward, W.Abstract: The transfer of solute molecules across the liquid-liquid interface has been investigated. Measurements are reported on the transfer of acetic acid, benzoic ocid, oleic ocid, and cholesterol between benzene and water. Experiments were carried out with a laminar jet apparatus wherein the organic phase is spread as a thin film on the surface of on aquious jet. The results indicate that any interfaciol resistance in these systems is negligibly small. Dimensional Model-1 0, Finite Stage Model-1 0, Mathematical Model-1 0, Thermal Resistance-8.Abstract: Expressions are derived for an effective wall heat transfer coefficient useful in one-dimensional representations of heat transport i n packed beds. These expressions are obtoined with two mathematical models of a cylindrical packed bed: A partiol differential model and a finite stage model. For each model, an approximate expression for the effective thermal resistance of the bed is found that i s useful in estimotions of heot transfer coefficients.

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Heat Transfer in Sodium—Potassium Alloy

Cited by 21 publications

References 3 publications

Convection heat transfer of NaK-78 liquid metal in a circular tube and a tri-lobe channel

Convection heat transfer of NaK-78 liquid metal in a circular tube and a tri-lobe channel

Investigation of heat transfer to liquid metals flowing in circular tubes

Nonequilibrium, inverse temperature profile in boiling liquid‐metal two‐phase flow

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