Heat Transfer in the Environment: Development and Use of Fiber-Optic Distributed Temperature Sensing

Suárez, Francisco; Hausner, Mark B.; Dozier, Jeff; Selker, John S.; Tyler, S. W.

doi:10.5772/19474

Cited by 20 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…In DTS, a coherent pulse of light is sent down the cable, and continuous measurements of Raman backscattered light spectra allows for determination of the temperature at each point in the cable (Tyler et al ; Hausner et al ). DTS technology has been used in various environmental monitoring programs in the past, providing high spatial (< 1 m) resolution temperature measurements at scales of meters to kilometers (Selker et al ; Tyler et al ; Hausner et al ; Suárez et al ; Vercauteren et al ; Van Emmerik et al ; Kobs et al ; Zeeman et al ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Internal waves influence the thermal and nutrient environment on a shallow coral reef

Reid

DeCarlo

Cohen

et al. 2019

Limnology & Oceanography

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Internal waves can influence water properties in coastal ecosystems through the shoreward transport and mixing of subthermocline water into the nearshore region. In June 2014, a field experiment was conducted at Dongsha Atoll in the northern South China Sea to study the impact of internal waves on a coral reef. Instrumentation included a distributed temperature sensing system, which resolved spatially and temporally continuous temperature measurements over a 4‐km cross‐reef section from the lagoon to 50‐m depth on the fore reef. Our observations show that during summer, internal waves shoaling on the shallow atoll regularly transport cold, nutrient‐rich water shoreward, altering near‐surface water properties on the fore reef. This water is transported shoreward of the reef crest by tides, breaking surface waves and wind‐driven flow, where it significantly alters the water temperature and nutrient concentrations on the reef flat. We find that without internal wave forcing on the fore reef, temperatures on the reef flat could be up to 2.0°C ± 0.2°C warmer. Additionally, we estimate a change in degree heating weeks of 0.7°C‐weeks warmer without internal waves, which significantly increases the probability of a more severe bleaching event occurring at Dongsha Atoll. Furthermore, using nutrient samples collected on the fore reef during the study, we estimated that instantaneous onshore nitrate flux is about four‐fold higher with internal waves than without internal waves. This work highlights the importance of internal waves as a physical mechanism shaping the nearshore environment, and likely supporting resilience of the reef.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Internal waves influence the thermal and nutrient environment on a shallow coral reef

Reid

DeCarlo

Cohen

et al. 2019

Limnology & Oceanography

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“…DTS is a technique that measures temperature along a fibre-optic cable at high spatial resolution (typically ≤ 1 m) and with high precision (i.e., to 0.01°C, depending on integration times). 19 DTS has been applied to diverse environmental systems including streams, lakes, oceans, ice caves, groundwater, soils, landslides, snowpacks, and the atmosphere (e.g., [19][20][21] ). The first applications of DTS in permafrost environments were in boreholes to estimate thermal conductivity 22,23 and monitor permafrost temperature.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of distributed temperature sensing for mountain permafrost mapping

Harrington

2019

Permafrost & Periglacial

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Permafrost distribution in mountains is typically more heterogeneous relative to low‐relief environments due to greater variability in the factors controlling the ground thermal regime, such as topography, snow depth, and sediment grain size (e.g., coarse blocks). Measuring and understanding the geothermal variability in high mountains remains challenging due to logistical constraints. This study presents one of the first applications of distributed temperature sensing (DTS) in periglacial environments to measure ground surface temperatures in a mountain permafrost area at much higher spatial resolution than possible with conventional methods using discrete temperature sensors. DTS measures temperature along a fibre‐optic cable at high spatial resolution (i.e., ≤ 1 m). Its use can be limited by power supply and calibration requirements, although recent methodological developments have relaxed some of these restrictions. Spatially continuous DTS measurements at a studied rock glacier provided greater resolution of geothermal variability and facilitated the interpretation of bottom temperature of snowpack data to map patchy permafrost distribution. This research highlights the potential for DTS to be a useful tool for permafrost mapping, ground thermal regime interpretation, conceptual geothermal model development, and numerical model evaluation in areas of heterogeneous mountain permafrost.

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“…Field data were collected 23–24 June 2010, using a fiber‐optic DTS and meteorological monitoring equipment. DTS instrumentation has been used extensively in hydrological studies (Selker et al 2006; Westhoff et al 2011; Suárez et al 2011b), and DTS data have informed previous models of convection in engineered systems (Suárez et al 2011a) and in Devils Hole (Hausner et al 2012). The meteorological data were compared with a meteorological monitoring station operated onsite by the National Park Service.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The shallow thermal regime of Devils Hole, Death Valley National Park

Hausner

Wilson²,

Gaines³

et al. 2013

Limn Fluids and Environments

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Lay Abstract Devils Hole is an open, water‐filled fault in Ash Meadows National Wildlife Refuge that is home to the world's only population of endangered Devils Hole pupfish (Cyprinodon diabolis). In 1995, the population of Devils Hole pupfish began to decline, and to date no single cause for this decline has been identified. This article examines the influence of water temperature on the Devils Hole pupfish population by considering a part of the habitat that is critical to the pupfish's reproductive cycle: the shallow shelf at the south end of the pool. A mathematical model of the shallow shelf is used to examine the daily patterns of water flow and temperature change that result from the daily cycles of air temperature and solar radiation. The model matches well the data collected during this and other studies and shows that the shallow shelf of Devils Hole will respond to small changes in air temperature. Over the past 30 years, the southwestern United States has experienced an increase of up to 2 °C in average air temperature, and this increase has the potential to negatively affect the population of Devils Hole pupfish. The changes in local climate over this time period may have contributed to the decline of the Devils Hole pupfish population.

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Heat Transfer in the Environment: Development and Use of Fiber-Optic Distributed Temperature Sensing

Cited by 20 publications

References 66 publications

Internal waves influence the thermal and nutrient environment on a shallow coral reef

Internal waves influence the thermal and nutrient environment on a shallow coral reef

Application of distributed temperature sensing for mountain permafrost mapping

The shallow thermal regime of Devils Hole, Death Valley National Park

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