Supercritical-pressure
heat transfer of a hydrocarbon fuel has practical importance in fuel
precooling technology in hypersonic air-breathing propulsion systems.
Heat transfer of n-decane in helical tubes is numerically
studied at a supercritical pressure of 5 MPa, with consideration of
endothermic fuel pyrolysis and surface carbon deposition. The effects
of helical curvature on temperature variations, pyrolytic chemical
reactions, and surface coking are analyzed. Results indicate that,
owing to the centrifugal force and secondary flows, the averaged wall
temperature in a helical tube is significantly reduced in the inlet
region (x/D < 50). The fluid
temperature is higher on the inner side of the helical tube, and as
a result, the pyrolytic chemical reactions and heat absorption rates
become correspondingly higher. With around 50% n-decane
thermally decomposed at the tube exit, the bulk fluid temperature
can be decreased up to 120 K. The coking precursors produced from
fuel pyrolysis cause surface carbon deposition, and the coking amount
on the inner side of the tube wall, with stronger fuel pyrolysis,
is around twice that on the outer side. An empirical heat transfer
correlation is found to work well for predicting supercritical-pressure
heat transfer of n-decane in helical tubes, with
or without fuel pyrolysis.