Heat treatment behavior of Cr in the form of collagen powder and Al2O3 reinforced aluminum-based composite material

Dwivedi, Shashi Prakash; Sharma, Shubham; Sunil, Bdy; Gupta, Nakul; Saxena, Kuldeep K.; Eldin, Sayed M.; Shahab, Shima; Alkhafaji, Mohammed Ayad; Abdullaev, Sherzod Shukhratovich

doi:10.1016/j.jmrt.2023.06.203

Cited by 16 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…This suggests that during the fabrication process, the molten aluminum has possessed superior wetting of the ash particles, allowing them to disperse evenly. It indicates good wetting between the materials if the interface is smooth and continuous. , The absence of clear boundaries or gaps signifies that the carbonized WBA particles’ surface has been sufficiently moistened by the molten Al6063 alloy …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Physicomechanical, Wettability, Corrosion, Thermal, and Microstructural Morphology Characteristics of Carbonized and Uncarbonized Bagasse Ash Waste-Reinforced Al-0.45Mg-0.35Fe-0.25Si-Based Composites: Fabrications and Characterizations

Sharma,

Dwivedi,

et al. 2024

ACS Omega

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An effort was being made to incorporate waste bagasse ash (WBA) both in carbonized and uncarbonized form into the formulation of Al6063 matrix-based metal matrix composites (MMC’s) by partially substituting ceramic particles for them. In the process of developing composites, comparative research on carbonized WBA and uncarbonized bagasse powder was carried out in the role of reinforcement. Microstructure investigations revealed that carbonized WBA particles were properly distributed throughout the aluminum-base metal matrix alloy. They also had the appropriate level of wettability. The reinforcement of carbonized WBA particles in AA6063-based matrix material had a maximum tensile strength of 110 MPa and a maximal hardness of 39 BHN when 3.75 wt % of the particles were used. The deterioration in tensile strength (6.25 wt % of WBA) and the appearance of porosity and blowholes can be enumerated by tensile fractography-based scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis. The reinforcement of carbonized WBA particles in AA6063-based matrix material was found to have a maximal percent elongation of 14.42% and the highest fracture toughness of 15 Joules when 1.25 wt % of the particles were employed. For AA6063/3.75 wt % carbonized WBA-based MMC’s, the minimum percent porosity was determined to be 5.83, and the minimum thermal expansion was found to be 45 mm3. As the percentage of reinforcement in bagasse-reinforced composites increases, the density of the material, the amount of corrosion loss, and the cost all decrease gradually. The AA6063 matrix, with a composition of 3.75 wt % carbonized WBA-based MMC’s, had satisfactory specific strength and corrosion loss. The AA6063 alloy composite’s microstructure analysis revealed that carbonized WBA enhanced the material’s mechanical characteristics, contributing to its excellent mechanical capabilities. The results of the corrosion test showed that carbonized WBA-reinforced composites exhibited reduced weight loss due to corrosion, whereas uncarbonized bagasse powder was an inappropriate reinforcement. The SEM analysis of AA6063 alloy/3.75 wt % carbonized WBA ash reinforcement-based MMC’s exposed to a 3.5 wt % NaCl solution has exhibited the development of corrosion pits as a result of localized attack by the corrosive environment. The thermal expansion test showed that the composite with uncarbonized bagasse powder as reinforcement have a high shrinkage rate in comparison with the composite with 3.75 wt %. The composite’s mechanical characteristics and thermal stability were enhanced by the presence of hard phases like SiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3, CaO, and MgO, as revealed by X-ray diffraction analysis. This made it suitable for use in a variety of applications.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It indicates good wetting between the materials if the interface is smooth and continuous. 47 , 48 The absence of clear boundaries or gaps signifies that the carbonized WBA particles’ surface has been sufficiently moistened by the molten Al6063 alloy. 49 …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physicomechanical, Wettability, Corrosion, Thermal, and Microstructural Morphology Characteristics of Carbonized and Uncarbonized Bagasse Ash Waste-Reinforced Al-0.45Mg-0.35Fe-0.25Si-Based Composites: Fabrications and Characterizations

Sharma,

Dwivedi,

et al. 2024

ACS Omega

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“…The larger percentage of AA2014 with a warm-coloured region occupied the whole space of the composite structure boundaries. The circular ash-coloured spots indicated in Figure 22c,d represent the silicon and nitrates of the cast composites [45,46]. A very fine dispersion of cenosphere reinforcement particles were seen at the 500× magnification level of the microstructural characterization image.…”

Section: Fuzzy Interference Systemmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Thus, the interaction of these variables controls the mechanisms for spark generation, heat distribution, and material removal. For instance, higher discharge energies are produced by shorter pulses at higher voltages, which accelerates the rate of material removal [46,47]. In contrast, longer pulses at lower voltages are used to produce fine details with minor thermal damage [48,49].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parametric Optimization of Powder-Mixed EDM of AA2014/Si3N4/Mg/Cenosphere Hybrid Composites Using Fuzzy Logic: Analysis of Mechanical, Machining, Microstructural, and Morphological Characterizations

Rajkumar,

Saravanan,

Bejaxhin

et al. 2023

J. Compos. Sci.

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This research focuses on a comprehensive exploration of the experimental and mechanical aspects of the electrical discharge machining (EDM) process, specifically targeting the machining characteristics of AA2014/Si3N4/Mg/cenosphere hybrid composites. The aim is to optimize the process parameters for enhanced machining performance through a combination of testing, optimization, and modelling methodologies. The study examines the effects of key EDM variables—peak current, pulse on time, and pulse off time—on critical output responses: surface roughness (Ra), electrode wear rate (EWR), and material removal rate (MRR). Leveraging an L9 Taguchi orthogonal array experimental design, the impact of controllable factors on these responses is analysed. An integrated approach utilizing MATLAB’s logic toolbox and Mamdani’s technique is employed to model the EDM process, and a multiple-response performance index is calculated using fuzzy logic theory, enabling multiobjective optimizations. Furthermore, a mechanical behaviour evaluation of AA2014/Si3N4/Mg/cenosphere hybrid composites is performed through mechanical testing, with a comparison between experimental machining results and predicted values. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images reveal the presence of filler reinforcements within the base alloy, displaying an improved microstructure and uniform reinforcement dispersion. An X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirms the major elemental constituents—aluminium, silicon, and magnesium—in the hybrid composites. A microstructural analysis of the hybrid metal matrix composites (MMCs) prepared for EDM showcases closely packed reinforcement structures, circular ash-coloured spots indicating silicon and nitrates, and a fine dispersion of cenosphere reinforcement particles. The study’s outcomes demonstrate a promising application potential for these hybrid composites in various fields.

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An Experimental Investigation on Mechanical and Tribological Properties of Metal Matrix Composites Fabricated with Waste Aluminum, SAC, and CDPF via Stir Casting

Verma,

Dwivedi,

Dwivedi

2024

J. Inst. Eng. India Ser. D

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Heat treatment behavior of Cr in the form of collagen powder and Al2O3 reinforced aluminum-based composite material

Cited by 16 publications

References 43 publications

Physicomechanical, Wettability, Corrosion, Thermal, and Microstructural Morphology Characteristics of Carbonized and Uncarbonized Bagasse Ash Waste-Reinforced Al-0.45Mg-0.35Fe-0.25Si-Based Composites: Fabrications and Characterizations

Physicomechanical, Wettability, Corrosion, Thermal, and Microstructural Morphology Characteristics of Carbonized and Uncarbonized Bagasse Ash Waste-Reinforced Al-0.45Mg-0.35Fe-0.25Si-Based Composites: Fabrications and Characterizations

Parametric Optimization of Powder-Mixed EDM of AA2014/Si3N4/Mg/Cenosphere Hybrid Composites Using Fuzzy Logic: Analysis of Mechanical, Machining, Microstructural, and Morphological Characterizations

An Experimental Investigation on Mechanical and Tribological Properties of Metal Matrix Composites Fabricated with Waste Aluminum, SAC, and CDPF via Stir Casting

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